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Kant- Deontology
Descrição
Mapa Mental sobre Kant- Deontology, criado por Sheree em 11-02-2016.
Mapa Mental por
Sheree
, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por
Sheree
aproximadamente 8 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso
Kant- Deontology
Background
Strictly religious
Never travelled more than 100 miles
Sought a middle way between rationalism and empiricism
Deontology- based on duty, not love or compassion (not found in morality)
Duty
Acting morally= your duty=obey moral law
Cared little about outcomes
Not our duty to do things we are unable to do- Duty= realistic
'Ought implies can'- morality= perscriptive
Duty leads to summum bomum. Need immorality & God BUT reject theological arguments
Fulfil our duty- act on opportunity, not be selective, when you can, do!
The Moral Law
Objective, know through reason
Moral rules exist- know without reference
Moral statements= a priori synthetic
Morals gained by reason not experience BUT may be right/ wrong
Rational beings determine to a prior synthetic laws because you can't move from is to ought
The Three principles
Categorical imperative
Universal
Experience gives hypothetical imperative- is/ought
Categorical imperative precedes experience
Certain actions are logically inconsistent and would make no sense as universal laws
Act as if maxim were to become universal law
Treat humans as ends not means
Rational beings are ends
Humans= precious and at centre of universe
Humans= autonomous with their own goals
Ends promote euqality
Kingdom of ends
Act as if everyone were treating eachother as ends
Moral principles= universal to all rational agents
Maxims e.g. I lie as others lie, make world intolerable
Act on rules where everyone treated the same= fair society
Evaluation
Strengths
Distinguishes between duty and preference
Humans given intrinsic worth
International law based on acts
Reliable system of rules- universal
Weakneses
Consequences may be sever it is better to break rule
Duties may conflict- Ross Prima Facie Duties
Maxims= tricky to apply, which maxim for which act
Different sense of morality
Anexos de mídia
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