aims and hypotheses

aims and hypotheses

1. what is an aim

   • general statement about the intended purpose of the study- come from therois that have been developed.
   • beign witht the words to investigate. contain the variables being investigated.
     • e.g. to investigate the effect of alcohol on reaction times
       • what the researcher wants to find out, have more than one aim

2. what is a hypotheses

   • prediction that will happen in the study- precise and testable statement of the effect of one variable on another(experiment) or the relationship between two variables(correlations)g

3. hypothesis for experiment

   • alternative hypothesis
     • 2 types; directional / non-directional. in experiment alternative hypotheses always state that the iv will affect the dv
     • directional hypothesis-iv will have a specific effect on the dv students will achieve significantlly better results if they revise with their tv off in comparison to those who have their tv on.
     • non-directional hypotheses -iv will have an effect on the dv but the direction which the results will take is not known. there will be a significant difference in students results if they revise with their tv on compared to if they revise with their tv.
     • null hypothesis- statement which predicts that the IV will not affect the DV. There will be no significant difference in students results whether they revise with their TV on or off.

4. hypothesis for correlations

   • same types of hypothesis are used for correlation,, the word difference is replaced with correlation or relationship
   • A directional hypothesis - specific type of relationship between the two co-variables ,i.e. positive or negative. there will be a significant negative coreelation between the amount of tv watched and exam performance.
   • non-directional hypotheses- there will be a relationship between the 2 co-variables but does not state if it is positive and negative. there will be a significant correlation between the amount of tv watched and exam performance
   • null hypotheses there will be no correlation between the 2 co-variables. there will be no correlation between the amount of tv watched and exam performance.

5. experimenatl and control conditions

   • when the researcher carry out an experiment there is one condition-the experimental condition and one that is called the control condition
   • hypothesis is: there wil be a significantly more words recalled in a noisy room compare to the words recalled in a quiet room.
   • the experimenet has deliberately changed the environment in the noisy room (experimental condition)
   • the quiet room has remained the same (control condition
   • the experimental condition has had the environment manipulated in some way.