The Sound System Of Old English

The Sound System Of Old English

1. Consonants

   • Stops
     • Voiced
       • /b/
       • /d/
       • /g/
     • Voiceless
       • /t/
       • /p/
       • /k/
   • Nasal
     • /n/
     • /m/
   • Liquids
     • /l/
       • Clear
         • /l/
       • Dark
         • /ł/
     • /r/
   • Clusters
     • Initial
       • /x/ + liquid, nasal or approximant
         • /xl -, xr -, xn -, xw -/
   • Affricates
     • Silibant
       • /s/
       • /dʒ/
       • /tʃ/
   • Fricatives
     • Voiced
       • Occurs in the middle of a word
         • /f, θ, X/
     • Voiceless
       • Occurs at the beginning of a word
         • Glottal
           • /h/
         • Velar
           • /x/
             • Allophones
   • Glides
     • /j/
     • /w/
   • Geminate
     • Long consonants
       • hoppian (hop) vs. hoping (hope)

2. Vowels

   • Front Vowels
     • 3 Pairs
       • /æː/ - /æ/
       • /iː/ - /i/
       • /eː/ - /e/
   • Front Rounded
     • 1 Pair
       • /yː/ - /y/
   • Back Vowels
     • 3 Pairs
       • /Oː/ - /O/
       • /aː/ - /a/
       • /uː/ - /u/
   • Diphthongs
     • <ĕo> <eo>
     • <ĭo> <io>
     • <ĕa> <ea>
     • Schwa
       • /eːə/ /eə/
       • /æːə/
       • /ĕə/ /eə/