ICT unit 1

ICT unit 1

1. data, knowledge and information

   • data is just figures without a meaning e.g: 1,2,3
     • information is data that comes from a source e.g: 10/11/12- these are figures that have the context of a date
       • knowledge is when rules are applied to the data. e.g: if i give too many biscuits to the dog, he will get too fat because he has a low metabolic rate

2. data validation

   • data capture forms are forms which people fill in, which asks for information, just regular forms
     • transcription errors are errors which may occur whilst moving the data to the computer
   • validation is checking if the data being entered is sensible
   • verification is double checking
     • range check- data entered cannot exceed a particular range
       • presence check- there can be no gaps in the data, all data must be present
         • format check- data must be entered in a particular format

3. services

   • pay-per view television services are cable and satelite television services, where you pay for a subscription on certain channels
   • interactive TV: a system where the user is able to make requests and the system is able to respond/react to the requests

4. image capture

   • digital photography captures images in electronic format and so can be transmitted on the internet

5. e-commerce

   • e-commerce is the buying and selling of goods online
     • advantages
       • there are a wide range of products and the products are often cheaper than in highstreet stores
         • provides items for those who do not live locally or near a highstreet
           • goods are delivered directly to your door
     • disadvantage
       • have to wait for goods to arrive, this may be a long duration
         • may not be trustworthy as you are only able to see a photo of the item
           • postage costs
             • buying goods online excludes young people and people with low credit scores as they may not have an account

6. file types

   • word file- .doc(x)
     • text file- .txt
       • image file- .jpg
         • comma seperated variable- .csv
           • rich text format- .rtf

7. computer simulation

   • is a application designed to imitate a real life situation
     • e.g: pilots use "flight simulation" in order to prep themselves for a real flight

8. animation

   • means making something move
     • stop motion is where a series of photos of a model are taken
       • key frame animation is where the artist draws what the image looks like at the start and at the end e.g: flip book
   • rotoscoping is when footage is traced over, frame by frame.
   • onion skinning allows the editor to see many frames at once
     • tweening is when the in-between frames are made visible automatically
       • grouping is when the animations on each frame become attached to the background

9. VLE- virtual learning environment. In a virtual learning environment, computer based learning is encouraged and the internet and interactive boards are used

10. ICT for teaching and learning

    • interactive whiteboards
    • computer assisted learning(CAL) uses an interactive software on CD/DVD
    • the internet can be used for research or emails
    • application software can be used such as DTP ( desktop publishing software), spreadsheets or databases
    • distance learning is where you study using online resources such as articles and informative websites and then you take online examinations

11. graphics

    • bitmap graphics become pixelated because they are made of pixels
    • vector graphics do not become pixelated because the image is made up of maths equations
      • vector images take up less storage than bitmap images

12. GUI

    • stands for graphic user interface
      • is a way in which the user is able to interact with the computer
    • gui interface is also known as a WIMP interface because it makes use of: Windows button, Icons, Menus, Pointers
      • graphic user interface allows the user to interact with the computer system using a variety of iconns, menus and pointers
    • command line interface allows user to interact with computer by typing in demands (code) e.g: disk operating system
      • menu interface allows you to interact with the computer system using a series of menus and screens

13. health and safety

    • phishing- when you receive an email from a person pretending to come from a bank and links you to a fake website where it invites you to enter your personal details
    • spam is auto-generated emails sent to anyone who has an email address
    • back or neck strain
      • use an adjustable chair, take frequent breaks and use a footrest
    • eye strain
      • use computers that are set at the correct distance away, adjust brightness of monitor, position monitor at comfortable angle, take frequent breaks