Receptors & Cell Signalling

Receptors & Cell Signalling

1. Signal Transduction

   • controls how cells responds to stimuli

2. Signalling molecules

   • Create a response by binding to receptor proteins on the cell membrane
   • Types
     • Endocrine
       • Travel in the blood to all parts of body
     • Paracrine
       • Only target those in the producing cells vacinity
     • Autocrine
       • Only target those of the same cell type as the producing cell

3. Transmembrane hormone receptors

   • Can travel across the cell membrane
   • Are proteins
   • Span the thickness of the cell membrane

4. Steps of signal transduction via hormones

   • Biosynthesis
   • Storage & Secretion
   • Transport
   • Relay & Amplification
   • Recognition
   • Removal

5. Receptors

   • Definition
     • macromolecular proteins that participate in cell signalling via hormones
   • Common features
     • Are proteins
     • Have one or more binding sites
     • Can produce one or more signals
     • When bound to a hormone they produce a change
     • Must have properties of recognition and transduction