METAL CUTTING: Chips

METAL CUTTING: Chips

1. TEMPERATURE DISTRIBUTION AND HEAT GENERATED

   • as cutting speed increases, energy of tool, workpiece and chip increases
   • chip carries away most of the heat

2. CHIP BREAKERS

   • promotes chip break and chip curl
   • EXTERNAL
     • inclined obstruction clamped to the tool face
   • INTEGRAL
     • groove ground into the tool face or bulges formed onto the tool face

3. CHIPS PRODUCED IN TURNING

   • If reduced the chip radius enough, chip will break
   • Broken chip is easier to handle and dispose
   • various chips produced in turning
     • tightly curled
     • continuous
     • discontinuous
       • hits tool shank and breaks
       • hits workpiece and breaks

4. FAVORABLE CHIP FORMS

   • 1. ribbon
   • 2. snarled
   • 3. Flat helical
   • 4. Angular helical
   • 5. Helical
   • 6. Helical chip segment
   • 7. Cylindrical helical
   • 8. Spiral
   • 9. Spiral chip segment
   • 10. Discontinuous
   • higher numbers are more favorable

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