Derivational Morphology

Derivational Morphology

1. They are added yo root morphemes or stems as a word is derived.

2. A word is not a simple sequence of morphemes but has a hierarchical structure

3. Morphological rules of word formation are complex. Yet every speaker of English knows them and uses them to form new words

4. A derived word may add additional meaning to the original word , and may be different grammatical class than the underived word.

5. When new words are enter the lexicon by the application of morphological rules, it is often the case that other complex form will not

   • The redundancy of such alternative forms, all of which conform to the regular rules of word formation, may explain some of the accidental gaps in the lexicon
     • Some of the morphological rules are productive, meaning that they can be used freely to form new words form the list of free and bound morphemes
     • The starred forms that folloe may be merely accidental gaps in the lexicon, this tule seems to be freely applicable to an adjective form derived from a verb
     • Inflectional Morphemes
       • Many languages, including English , containt bound morphemes that are for the most part purely grammatical marker, representing such concepts as tense, number, gender, case and os forth
         • Inflectional morphemes in English typically follow derivational morphemes
         • Derivational morphemes, when afiixed to roots ams stems, change the grammatical word class and/or the basic meaning of the word, which may then be inflected as to numer, tense
         • Morphological Syntax
           • Some grammatical relations can be expressed either inflectionally (morphologically) or syntactically (as a part of the sentence structure)
             • When one language signals with inflectional affixes, another does with word order and another with funtcion words
             • The mental grammar of the language that is internalized by the language learner includes a lexicon listing all the morphemes and the derived words of the language
             • Rules of grammar permit sepakers to use and understand morphemes and words in forming and understanding sentences.