8617397
Ahmad Cannot Run
- Anatomy of Foot &
Ankle
- Ankle Joint
- ligaments
- medial
- lateral
- medial
- blood supply
- nerve supply
- ligaments
- muscles of the sole of the
foot
- 4 layers
- 4 layers
- arches of the foot
- Ankle Joint
- Possible Causes of Muscle Weakness
- infection
- poliomyelitis
- lyme disease
- poliomyelitis
- neurological
- Guillain Barre Syndrome
- Guillain Barre Syndrome
- Medications
- Statin
- Amiodarone
- Statin
- Electrolyte
- Hyperkalemia
- Hyperkalemia
- Metabolic
- Acid Maltase deficiency
- Acid Maltase deficiency
- Genetic
- Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- Muscular Dystrophies: are inherited
disorders which primarily but not
exclusively affect the skeletal muscles
- Clinical
Characteristics
- progressive
weakness
- intellectual
impairment
- pseudo hypertrophy of the
calves
- proliferation of connective tissue in
muscle
- progressive
weakness
- X linked recessive
- genetic defect in
Xp21
- deletion
- duplication
- point
mutation
- deletion
- genetic defect in
Xp21
- Pathogenesis
- without dystrophin, sarcolemma becomes
fragile, loss of calcium homeostaasis, cell
death occurs
- muscle cell degeneration will outpace regeneration
- regeneration capacity is exhausted, fibres are replaced by connective tissue and
fat
- regeneration capacity is exhausted, fibres are replaced by connective tissue and
fat
- muscle cell degeneration will outpace regeneration
- without dystrophin, sarcolemma becomes
fragile, loss of calcium homeostaasis, cell
death occurs
- Clinical
Progression
- Prognosis
- poor
- 100% mortality at mid
20s
- due to one of the
complications
- lung
failure
- heart failure
- aspirations
- airway
obstruction
- lung
failure
- due to one of the
complications
- Management
- no treatment, only improving quality
of life by reducing complications
- Pharmacological
approach
- Prednisone
- Prednisone
- physical and occupational therapy
- no treatment, only improving quality
of life by reducing complications
- poor
- Prognosis
- Investigations
- CK test
- muscle biopsy
- to check the myopathic changes
- to check the myopathic changes
- western blot
- to detect and analyze dystrophin
- to detect and analyze dystrophin
- CK test
- Muscular Dystrophies: are inherited
disorders which primarily but not
exclusively affect the skeletal muscles
- Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy
- Tested by Neurological
Examination of the LL
- Sensation
- Motor
Function
- To test Muscle strength
- Muscle Strength Scale
- Muscle Strength Scale
- To test Muscle strength
- Coordination
- Gait
- abnormal
gait
- due to abnormalities in
the
- tip toe gait
- tip toe gait
- due to abnormalities in
the
- abnormal
gait
- Sensation
- infection
Anexos de mídia
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