Flooding in the UK

Flooding in the UK

1. Responses

   • Soft management
     • Local
       • Floodplains
         • Floodplain areas were designated in the case of flooding
     • Government
       • Rivers were dredged in advance for further floods
       • A flood warning system was created
   • Hard management
     • Local
       • Flood barriers were made in front of houses
       • Houses were raised with steps in front
       • Floodwalls, dams and structures were built near rivers

2. Effects

   • Public
     • Transport
       • Train services were disrupted by floods
       • Parts of the A1 motorway were flooded
     • Agriculture
       • Farms
         • Fields were flooded
           • Crops were destroyed lowering income for the farmers for a while
           • Farmers had to pay to take care of livestock whose fields were destroyed
           • The silage quality of the soil was reduced
     • Housing
       • Houses were flooded and/or destroyed
         • Large quantities of silt and dirty water were deposited into homes
           • These houses had to be demolished on fear of uncleanliness or disease
             • Individuals had to pay to repair/rebuild their house, or in some cases buy another
               • These individuals had to live in caravans while their houses were being repaired/rebuilt
     • Services
       • Electricity
         • Substations were flooded so many homes were left without electricity
       • Water Purification
         • Water Purification plants were flooded so many citizens had to use bottled water as a substitute
     • Business
       • Businesses were flooded and closed reducing income and pay
     • Various events were cancelled due to the flooding
   • Environment
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     • The soil was saturated for many days, increasing rainfall

3. Causes

   • Nature
     • Rainfall
       • Rainclouds 'went the wrong way' over the Pennines Mountains
       • Saturated ground after previous rainfall caused convectional rainfall and mass surface runoff
       • Supercells brought heavy rain
     • Ocean
       • Low pressure in the Atlantic Ocean caused more rainfall
       • The Jet-stream became super-charged
     • Events in the Americas moved over to affect England

4. Solutions

   • Government
     • Levees
       • Levees were constructed next to riverbanks out of stone and mud
     • Several rivers were dredged to prevent further damage
     • Emergency services were called to help those trapped by floods
   • Public
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     • Sandbags were placed in front of homes, substations and purification plants

5. By Damian Kwok 4O

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