Bones of the upper limb

Bones of the upper limb

1. Humerus: -Head of the humerus. -Anatomical neck. -Greater tubercle. -Lesser tubercle. -Intertubercular groove (sulcus). -Surgical Neck. -Shaft of the humerus. -Deltoid tuberosity. -Medial epicondyle of the humerus. -Lateral epicondyle of the humerus. -Lateral supracondylar ridge. - Elbow joint. -Trochlea. -Capitulum (“small head”). -Coronoid fossa. -Radial fossa. -olecranon fossa

2. Ulna: -Trochlear notch. -Coronoid process of the ulna. -Ulnar tuberosity. -Radial notch of the ulna. -Proximal radioulnar joint. -Olecranon process. -Shaft of the ulna. -Interosseous border of the ulna. -Interosseous membrane of the forearm. -Head of the ulna. - Styloid process of the ulna.

3. Radius: -Head of the radius. -Neck of the radius. -Radial tuberosity. -Shaft of the radius. -Interosseous border of the radius. -Radiocarpal joint. -Ulnar notch of the radius. -Distal radioulnar joint. -Styloid process of the radius.

4. The Scapula: It is supported by the clavicle. Parts: -Superior border of the scapula. -Medial border of the scapula. -lateral border of the scapula. - The suprascapular notch. -Superior angle of the scapula. -Inferior angle of the scapula. -The glenoid fossa. -Glenohumeral joint. -Supraglenoid tubercle. -The infraglenoid tubercle. -Coracoid process. -Spine of the scapula. -The acromion. -Acromioclavicular joint. -Supraspinous fossa. -Infraspinous fossa. -Subscapular fossa. -The coracoclavicular ligament.

5. Clavicle: The clavicle is the most commonly fractured bone in the body. Parts: Sternal end of the clavicle. -Sternoclavicular joint. -Costoclavicular ligament. -Acromial end of the clavicle. -

6. Carpal Bones: -The scaphoid. -Lunate. -Triquetrum. -Pisiform. =The trapezium. -Trapezoid. -Capitate. -Hamate bone. -Hook of the hamate bone. -Midcarpal joint, -Flexor retinaculum. -Carpal tunnel.

   • Metacarpal Bones: -The palm of the hand contains five elongated metacarpal bones. -Carpometacarpal joint. -Metacarpophalangeal joint. -
     • Phalanx Bones: -The fingers and thumb contain 14 bones, each of which is called a phalanx bone (plural = phalanges), named after the ancient Greek phalanx (a rectangular block of soldiers). -The thumb (pollex) is digit number 1 and has two phalanges, a proximal phalanx, and a distal phalanx bone. -Digits 2 (index finger) through 5 (little finger) have three phalanges each, called the proximal, middle, and distal phalanx bones. -An interphalangeal joint is one of the articulations between adjacent phalanges of the digits.

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