Dialysis

Dialysis

1. Peritoneal Dialysis

   • CCPD
     • only done at night while patient is sleeping
       • has roughly four exchanges or more throughout the night
   • CAPD
     • patient can go about their day while the fluid remains in the peritoneal cavity.
       • this happens so the excess waste products are removed.
   • 3 stages: Fill, Dwell, Drain
   • catheter is placed in the abdomen
   • Complications of PD
     • Hernias
       • as a result of the pressure build up in the abdomen because of dialysis fluid
     • Peritionits
       • possibly due to a contamination of the catheter
     • Lung problems
       • lungs lose ability to expand, can result in pneumonia, collapsed lungs
     • pain in the abdomen
       • due to catheter placement, the solution used, or peritonitis
     • high insulin levels resulting in high fat production- can lead to heart disease
     • low protein
       • peritoneum is permeable- protein goes wherever the solution is going

2. Hemodialysis

   • fistula, graft, or central venous catheter
     • can not take blood pressure at site of fistula or graft. must use the other arm
     • connecting a vein to an artey, or accesing a jugualr vein for the CVC
   • uses a machine
   • Complications of HD
     • Hypotension
       • dt to fast removal of lfuid from patient-
     • Muscle cramps
       • fast removal of soduim and water.
         • can use NS bolus to correct it
     • SP

3. Used when kidney is no longer functional. Dialysis helps to remove waste from the blood