SANA WITH RASH AND EASY BRUISING

SANA WITH RASH AND EASY BRUISING

1. Bleeding causes

   • Other
     • Brain trauma
   • Disorders
     • Platelets
       • Leukemia
       • Thrombocytopenia.
     • Coagulation factors
       • Hemophilia
       • Vitamin K deficiency
       • Liver disease

2. Clinical Appearance

   • Petechiae
     • red, brown or purple
     • Flat
     • Resemble rash
   • Purpura
     • do not blanch on pressure
     • palpable
     • 0.3–1 cm
   • Ecchymosis
     • subcutaneous spot
     • larger than 1 cm
     • bruise

3. Lab test

   • CBC
   • Blood Smear
   • Bone Marrow Tests

4. Thrombocytopenia

   • Risk factors
     • Bone marrow cancer
     • poisonous chemicals
     • Viral infections
     • chemo therapy
     • drugs
     • Spleenomegaly
   • Complications
     • Excessive bleeding after minor injury
     • brain stroke
     • complications of lupus
     • severe anemia

5. Pharmacology

   • Antiplatelet drugs
     • Aspirin
     • ADP inhibitors
       • ticlopidine
       • clopidogrel
       • prasugrel
     • Phosphodiesterase
   • THROMBOLYTIC AGENTS
     • t-PA derivatives
     • Streptokinase
   • Anticlotting drugs
   • Anticoagulants
     • Heparin
     • Direct factor Xa inhibitor
     • Warfarin
     • Direct thrombin inhibitor

6. bone marrow examination

   • biopsy
     • a needle to draw solid
   • aspiration
     • a needle to draw fluid

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