CAMPYLOBACTER

CAMPYLOBACTER

1. animal pathogens

   • C. jejuni - cause of enterocolitis especially in children.

2. 1-Morphology

   • Small Gram-negative rods
   • comma or S-shaped or gull-wing
   • motile with one polar flagellum

3. 2-Cultural characters

   • microaerophilic; (5% oxygen and l0% CO2)
   • Better growth is obtained at 42°C
   • Skirrow's medium is a selective medium for their isolation from stools.

4. 3-Pathogenesis and clinical pictures

   • • Food (raw milk, meat, poultry and vegetables) and water contaminated with animal faeces is the major source of human infection (zoonotic disease).
   • Affect children and young adults
   • Enterocolitis begins as watery foul-smelling diarrhea followed by bloody stools accompanied by fever and severe abdominal pain
   • C. jejuni infections may be complicated two weeks later by Guillian-Barre' syndrome, which is an autoimmune disease (formation of antibodies against C. jejuni that cross-react with antigens on neurons). Other autoimmune diseases may occur, e.g. reactive arthritis and Reiter's syndrome.

5. 4-Laboratory diagnosis

   • Stool sample is inoculated on Skirrow's medium, and incubated at 42°C at microaerophilic atmosphere
   • Colonies are identified by
     • 1-morphology
     • 2-biochemical reactions
       • don't ferment carbohydrates
       • oxidase, catalase and H2S positive
     • 3-antibiogram

6. 5-Treatment

   • Replacement of fluid and electrolytes
   • • C. jejuni is sensitive to erythromycin and ciprofloxacin

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