United Nations

United Nations

1. Organisations of UN

   • The Security Council, Economic and Social Council, General Assembly, Trusteeship Council, International Court of Justice, Secretariat.

2. What does the UN logo symbolise?

   • The olive branches are a symbol for peace, and the world map represents all the people of the world. White and blue are the official colours of the United Nations.

3. Aims

   • Maintain world peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, cooperate internationally to solve international economic, social, cultural and humanitarian problems, promote respect human rights and basic freedom regardless of race, religion and gender, to be a centre for harmonising the actions of nations in attaining the aims listed.

4. Why was UN formed?

   • The UN was founded after World War II as an international organisation to preserve world peace and prevent another major war.

5. How does Singapore benefit from UN membership?

   • When Singapore became a member, the UN helped Singapore by sending experts to advise and help in the economic and social development of Singapore. The membership in the UN also approves the sovereignty and independence of small states and thereby indirectly contributes to their independence and territorial integrity.

6. How does Singapore contribute to UN?

   • Singapore was elected by the UN General Assembly to serve as a non-permanent Security Council member for two years from 2001 to 2002. The main role of the Security Council is to maintain international peace and security. During its term of office, Singapore served as the President of the Council in January 2001 and May 2002. The election to the council showed the confidence member countries have in Singapore as well as Singapore's commitment to the UN.

7. 1 Example of Case Study (Failure of UN)

   • Rwanda, Africa
   • The Canadian U.N. Peacekeeping Force Commander and other United Nations representatives on the ground in Rwanda perceived the serious nature of mounting tensions between Tutsi and Hutu government, military and militia leaders. But U.N. leaders and peacekeeping forces, and the ambassadors of multiple countries including the United States, could not stop the 104 day outbreak of violence that resulted when Hutus massacred about 800,000 Tutsi and sympathetic Hutus.
   • Rwanda Genocide (1994)
   • Hutus and Tutsi

8. 1 Example of Case Study (Success of UN)

   • Right now, UNHCR is facing a problematic financial issue, trying to protect and assist 700,000 people who had fled conflict in Syria, Mali, Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC).
   • Two Nobel Peace Prizes in 1954 and 1981 are persuasive evidences for the success of UNHCR.
   • UN High Commissioner on Refugees (UNHCR)
   • Founded in 1949, UNHCR has helped 17 million asylum-seekers and refugees. The officers of UNHCR hep the refugees directly, working to ensure governments meet their responsibilities to the expatriates.

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