1. Character sets

1. Character sets

1. ASCII

   • each character represented by 7 bits
   • computers in English only
   • 128 characters including lower and upper case Latin letters, numbers and punctuation marks

2. Extended ASCII

   • includes another 128 characters
   • each character represented by 8 bits

3. Latin 1

   • each character represented by 8 bits
   • includes characters for writing a text in western European languages

4. Unicode

   • initially 16 bits

5. 2. SEPARATORS

   • ( ) Parentheses
   • { } Braces
   • [ ] Brackets
   • < > Angle separation
   • ; Semicolon
   • . Period
   • , Coma
   • : Colon
   • 3. PRIMITIVES (data type)
     • Byte
     • Short
     • Long
     • Int
     • Double
     • Float
     • Chair
     • Boolean
     • 4. VARIABLES (data placeholders)
       • Every variable must have a declared type. There are 2 data types in Java:
         • Reference types
         • Primitive types
       • 5. LITERALS
         • Integer Literals
         • Floating-point Literals
         • Character Literals
         • Boolean