Language Fundamentals

Language Fundamentals

1. Encoding Sets

   • ASCII: Mostly Latin letter, good for English speakers
     • Used for everything else
   • Unicode: Thousands to millions of characters across many languages, requires compression.
     • Used for comments, identifiers, and contents of char and str

2. Separators

   • (),[],{},<>,;,:,,,.

3. Primatives

   • For numerical values the primatives are ordered by range below
     • Byte,short,int,long,float,double
     • others: char, boolean

4. Variables:data placeholders

   • Reference type: references object
   • primative type: holds primative
   • Indentifier
     • Must begin with Java letter
     • cannot be java keyword
     • must be in its scope
   • CaSE SeNSAtiVE

5. Constants: Variables that can't be changed after assignment

6. Literals

   • String
   • Null
   • Primative
     • Boolean
       • false
       • true
     • Character
       • can express ASCII or unicode characters
     • Floating Point
       • can be floating or double
       • add f for float, d for double
     • Integer
       • can be Byte,short,int, long
         • can't exceed variable capacity
         • may require suffix