FREQUENTLY ASK QUESTIONS

FREQUENTLY ASK QUESTIONS

1. How do I cite and reference works written and edited by more than one author?

   • Harvard and British Standard numerical styles
     • In the citation: if a document has one to three authors, their names should be given in the citationI
       • the recommendation is that when a publication is by two or three authors, the surnames of all should be shown in the reference list or bibliography
   • Vancouver numeric and IEEE
     • the first six authors are listed, thereafter you can add et al. after the sixth author.
     • MHRA
       • Three authors should be given in full
       • APA style
         • When a work has two authors, both names should be cited each time the source is mentioned in the text.
         • Chicago
           • Include all the names in the in-text citation. For a work with four or more authors

2. Do I give you an English translation of the title in the full reference?

   • You should give details of the source you looked at
   • if the book has also been translated from the original language, the name of the translator should be shown

3. What punctuation and capitalization style should I use in referencing?

   • Punctuation
     • HANDY, C. (1994). The empty raincoat: making sense of the future. London: Hutchinson.
   • Capitalization
     • ASHBY, M.F. and K. JOHNSON. (2002). Materials and design: the art and science of material selection in mechanical design. Oxford: Butterworth Heinemann.
     • Harvard style referencing, may be advised to start each proper word in the title with a capital letter
       • Torrance, M., Thomas, G. & Robinson, E.J. (1991). Strategies for answering examination essay questions: Is it helpful to write a plan? British Journal of Educational Psychology, vol. 61, pp. 46–54

4. The source has no date. How can I reference this?

   • Use an abbreviation, ‘n.d.’.

5. Can I use abbreviations in references?

   • Abbreviations in the text of assignments are not generally encouraged by tutors, except in scientific and technical writing, in tables, graphs and charts
     • s ‘ibid’, ‘op cit.’ and ‘loc cit.’

6. How can I present and distinguish my own ideas and opinions from those in published sources?

   • it is important to be aware of conventions in academic writing on how to distinguish the ideas of others from your own