The shoulder joint

The shoulder joint

1. Anatomy of the soulder

   • muscles
   • bones
   • tendon and ligamints
   • shoulder arteries
   • axillary veins

2. Physical examination

   • INSPECTION
     • observing the way the patient moves and carries the shoulder
   • PALPATION
     • examination of the acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints, the cervical spine and the biceps tendon
   • RANGE-OF-MOTION TESTING
   • EVALUATING THE ROTATOR CUFF
     • In evaluating the rotator cuff, the patient's affected extremity should always be compared with the unaffected side to detect subtle differences in strength and motion.

3. Joints

   • fibrous
     • Sutures
     • Syndesmosis
     • Gomphosis
   • crtilogenous
     • primary
       • synchondrosis
     • secondry
       • symphysis
   • synovial

4. Sports injuries

   • Sports medicine
     • helping people improve their athletic performance, recover from injury and prevent future injuries
   • Types
     • Acute
       • Ligament sprains
       • Contact injuries
       • Muscle strains
       • Fractures Nerve injuries
     • Chronic
       • Overuse tendon injuries
       • Chronic muscle strains
       • Bursitis

5. Common shoulder injuries

   • Dislocation
   • Separation
   • Fracture
     • The most common breaks are to the clavicle and the humerus
   • Rotator cuff tear
   • Frozen shoulder
     • the tissue around the shoulder joint becomes inflamed., then it gets tighter and shrinks, which causes pain
   • Impingement
     • This happens when the tendons of the rotator cuff get pinched in the bones of the shoulder

6. TREATMENTS

   • Arthroscopy
   • Cryotherapy
   • Electrical modalities
   • Rehabilitation programs
   • Targerted pain relief

7. PSYCHOLOGY OF PAIN

   • To treat pain effectively, you must address the physical, emotional and psychological aspects
     • not coping
     • anxiety
     • financial concerns
     • relationship strains

8. SWIMMER'S SHOULDER

   • a condition where swimmers often aggravate their shoulders while they swim due to the constant joint rotation

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