Renaissance literature

Renaissance literature

1. Medieval age

   • Historical events
     • 1190: Richard I “Lionheart” joins the Third Crusade.
     • 1215: King John and his barons sign the Magna Carta.
     • 1279: Edward I’s Statute of Mortmain restricts land acquisition by the church.
     • 1315-1322: Millions die in the Great European Famine.
     • 1337: Beginning of the Hundred Years War between England and France
     • 1348: The Black Death enters Britain.
     • 1477: William Caxton publishes the first printed book in England.
   • Historical figures
     • Isabelle of France
     • Richard I "Lionheartt"
     • Margaret of Anjou
     • Edward ("The Black Prince")
   • Religion
     • Roman Catholic
       • It was part of the government.
       • In 1300, one in every twenty people was a cleric.
     • Pilgrimages were made to achieve spiritual merit or cures for poor health.
     • Belief in "wee folk", fairies, ghost, earth and water spirits.
     • Pagans were burned as witches or sorcerers.
   • Literature
     • Geoffrey Chaucer
       • Canterbury Ttles (1387-1400)
     • Julian of Norwich
       • Revelations of divine love (1373)
     • The book of Margery Kempe (late 1430's)
     • The Gawain poet
     • Thomas Malory
       • Le Morte D' Arthur (1469)

2. Renaissance

   • Literature
     • Dante Alighieri
       • The divine comedy (1308-1321)
     • Miguel de Cervantes
       • Don Quixote (1605)
     • John Milton
       • Paradise lost (1667)
     • William Shakespeare
       • Hamlet (1599-1601)
       • Romeo and Julieta (1595-1597)
     • Edmund Spenser
       • The faerie queene (1590)
     • Francesco Petrarch
       • Canzoniere (1470)
     • Pierre de Ronsard
       • La Franciade (1572)
     • Lyric and epic poetry
     • Drama and tragedy plays
   • Historical events
     • 1200 -1230: Humanism arises.
     • 1440: The printing press is invented.
     • 1453: The fall of Constantinople to the Ottoman Empire
     • 1463-1469: Marsilio Ficinio translated Plato’s work sharing the platonic ideas all over Europe.
     • 1492: Columbus sails west.
     • 1527: The Holy Roman emperor, Charles V, conquers Rome, ending the Renaissance as a unified period in Italy.
   • Religion
     • The failure of Roman Catholic Church provided stability to spiritual and civic life.
     • Process of secularization
     • Development of a rational perspective without abandoning religion
     • Humanist philosophy vs Christian Church
   • Historical figures
     • Leonardo Da Vinci
     • Michelangelo
     • Galileo Galilei
     • Niccolo Machiavelli
     • Michel de Montaigne

3. Anglo-Saxon age

   • Historial events
     • 449: Angles and Saxons first arrive in Britain.
     • 597: St. Augustine came to England and introduced people to Christianity.
     • 600: England is divided into seven major kingdoms.
     • 802: Egbert was the first Anglo-Saxon king of all England.
     • 1066: The Battle of Hastings took place, resulting in the Normans defeating the Anglo-Saxons.
   • Literature
     • Beowulf
     • The ruin
     • Heroic and elegiac poetry
     • The battle of Maldon
   • Historical figures
     • King Alfred
     • Saint Bede the Venerable (“The Father of English History” )
     • Egbert
   • Religion
     • Norse and Scandinavian mythology
     • Woden: The king of the Anglo-Saxon gods
     • The Pope sent a monk to persuade the king to become Christian.
     • Many Anglo-Saxons turned to Christianity.

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