Gastritis (McPhee & Hammer, 2012)

Gastritis (McPhee & Hammer, 2012)

1. Epidemiology

   • Helicobacter pylori
     • No sexual predilection exists (Medscape, 2013)
       • Gastritis affects all age groups (Medscape, 2013)
         • Use of NSAIDS, smoking, and alcohol increase the risk for Gastritis

2. Pathophysiology

   • Inflammation of the gastric mucosa
     • Can affect both the fundus and antrum of the stomach
       • Erosion of the surface epithelium seen in a localized pattern
         • Usually caused by an injury to the protective barrier of the mucosa, caused by medication or chemicals
           • NSAIDs are known to inhibit the action of cyclooxygenase-1, or COX-1, which causes gastritis

3. Symptoms

   • Anorexia
     • Fullness
       • Nausea and vomiting
         • Epigastric pain
           • Bleeding

4. Diagnosis

   • Gastroscopic examination and biopsy
     • Occult blood test
       • Evaluation of gastric secretions for intrinsic factor
   • Health history

5. Treatments

   • Stop the use of NSAIDs, alcohol, and smoking
     • If positive for H. pylori, treat with antibiotics
       • Eat smaller meals
         • Consume a soft, bland diet