Prenatal Development

Prenatal Development

1. Embryonic stage

   • Week 3
     • Beginning development of the brain, heart, blood cells, circulatory system, spinal cord, and digestive system.
   • Week 4
     • Beginning development of bones, facial structures, and limbs (presence of arm and leg buds); continuing development of the heart (which begins to beat), brain, and nervous tissue.
   • Week 5
     • Beginning development of eyes, nose, kidneys, lungs; continuing development of the heart (formation of valves), brain, nervous tissue, and digestive tract.
   • Week 6
     • Beginning development of hands, feet, and digits; continuing development of brain, heart, and circulation system.
   • Week 7
     • Beginning development of hair follicles, nipples, eyelids, and sex organs (testes or ovaries); first formation of urine in the kidneys and first evidence of brain waves.
   • Week 8
     • Facial features more distinct, internal organs well developed, the brain can signal for muscles to move, heart development ends, external sex organs begin to form.

2. Germinal stage

   • Week 1
     • The first week of pregnancy begins with the first day of menstrual period (not pregnant).
   • Week 2
     • During the end of the second week an egg is released from the ovary, it is more likely to conceive.

3. Fetal stage

   • Weeks 9-38
     • External features such as the face, neck, eyelids, limbs, digits, and genitals are well formed.
     • Fine hair called lanugo first develops on the head; structures such as the lungs, sweat glands, muscles, and bones continue to develop. The fetus is able to swallow and make sucking motions.
     • Features such as finger and toenails, eyebrows, and eyelashes appear.
     • The fetus becomes more active, and the mother can sometimes begin to feel fetal movements at this stage.
     • The lungs continue to develop with the formation of air sac ; the eyes finish developing.
     • The fetus gains greater control over movements such as opening and closing eyelids and certain body functions.
     • The lungs have developed sufficiently that air breathing is possible.
     • Body fat continues to increase, lanugo begins to disappear, and fingernails are fully grown
     • In a healthy fetus, all organ systems are functioning.

4. Definition: Prenatal development refers to the process in which a baby develops from a single cell after conception into an embryo and later a fetus.

5. Sheila Lima - Jimmy Pitacuar

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