Basic concepts in Quantitative Research

Basic concepts in Quantitative Research

1. 1) The topic under investigation: In the late 20th century, choool began to call for an alternative to quantitative approach because they believe that using using this approach ignored the participants´perspectives

   • Therefore they opted to use mixed methods research is finding that provide a more complete explanation of the problem.

2. 2) The steps pior to initiating the investigation

   • Research is progressive and uncertain, goes beyond methods and techniques, it invoilves the researcher intuition in the creation of knwledge. The decisions he researcher makes will depend on how conceives realilty, it cvan be tangible, concrete, and measurable.
   • Before to start an investigation the researcher needs to acknowledge the worldview, so you can select the approprite approac.

3. 3) Significance, value or worth

   • There are two basic properties of empirical measures, an empirical indicator represents a theoretical concept. The first property refers to as reliability; in this property, what is sought is that any measurement procedure generates the same results in repeated evens.
     • The other property is identified validity, Reliability focuses in a paricular properties of the specific indicators. This last relationship emphasizes the importance of the theoretical concept being well represented in its measurement.

4. Theoretical perspectives

   • The literature review involves detecting, consulting and obtaining te bibliography and other materials that are useful for the study.
     • The develoment of the theoretical perspective is a process and a product.
       • Theoretical framework Kelinger (1973) defines theory as a set of interrelated constructs (concepts), definitions and prepositions that present a systematic view of phenomena specifying relations among variables with the purpose of explaining and predicting the phenomena
   • This implies exposing and analyzing the theries, conceptualization, previous investigtions, and the antecedents, It provides a vision of where te proposed approach is situated whitin the field of the knowledge in which we wil move. It provides new ideas and help us to share recent discoveries by other researcehrs.
     • Functions of theoretical perspectives:
       • Helps to prevent mistakes that have other investigations.
       • Guides on how the tudy willbe carry out.
       • They will guide us on what we want and what we do not want for our research.
       • Document the need to conduct the study.
       • It inspores new lines and areas of research-
       • provides a frame of references to interpret the results of the study

5. Research purpose statement

   • Identifies the design and methodlogy that will be used in the research proces as well as the objectives. Must specify the type of the method used in the research, the verbs used in Quantitative studies must be close-ended: identify, explain, determine.
   • Example:
     • In response to declining level of employee well-being, the purpose of the quantitative correlational study was to determine which leadership factors predict employee well-being of the followers of novice mid-level managers to be applied in the financial services industry. The leader Member Exchange assessment framework....
   • Good purpose statement: Answer why the research is taking place, are clear and concise, match the questions of the research methodology.
     • The purpose states the type of research is taking place to fit the probelm, it includes varibles, subject of study, setting, quantitative or qualitative method and design of study. A good purpose statement shows a brief summary of how and what instrument the researcher will be carry out.

6. Research questions or hypothesis; Research question seek to relate variables that later become hypothesis that the researcher must later corroborate or falsify. Describe the uure behaviour of variables in a given context (Describe variable in a pedicted value) Relate a variable with another variable without this representing a cause-effect relationship (Correlational study)

   • Compare groups to identify whether teh independent variable affects the dependent variabe (Explanatory studies of group differences).

7. Literature review

   • Is a selection of available documents on the subject or express certain opinios on te nature of the topic and how it will be investigated