Ethics Topic: C opyright_1

Ethics Topic: C opyright_1

1. Copyright Infringement (Piracy)

   • Copyright infringement is the act of where plagiarism occurs, or the violation of copyright (reproduction of certain material that is copyrighted). It is a situation where someone other then the creator, copies his or her work, and claim it off as their own, or turn it in for projects assigned during school. Copyright infringement can even occur, if the work is not copied word by word, but is very similar to the original. Replacing the words using the thesaurus, will not help.
   • There is a belief that piracy/copyright infringement is ethical, as there is nothing wrong with software piracy. Since many useful software's are priced, many people would usually pirate it, as their belief is that the software is too overpriced, and it is okay to download it freely, as it does not hurt anyone and is a "victimless crime". Another belief would be "The Freedom of information and expression", as it is a right to gain the information of the software, for free. But, because of the act of piracy, many jobs have been lost (over 100,000), and a loss of 12 billion dollars, combined. Pirating software does affect everyone, as the prices of the products usually go higher, for legitimate payers. Many people profit from selling the software, so ultimately, piracy is unethical, as it is protected with copyright.
   • Ethical Issues that involve Copyright Infringement:Since copyright infringement and plagiarism is impossible to stop, even an individual that commits this sort of crime would not get caught. So, individuals must decide on the right thing to do

2. Fair Use

   • Guidelines to ethical fair use beliefs include: Reproduce only certain information only(key ideas and points), not the entire article itself. Another one would be to source the article and give all credit to the owner of the copyrighted work. Also, use sources that are directly evident to your topic, as meaningless jargon will occur, which could be a sign of infringement.
   • Fair use is a legal notion that allows reproduction of copyrighted material, without having to pay or ask for permission to do so, for certain purposes. It is a defense against copyright infringement, and if a use qualifies for fair use, it thus not be claimed an illegal copyright infringement.

3. Intellectual Property(Exclusive Rights)

   • Intellectual property is something original, created within your mind, such as as designs literary works or images. These types of work are protected by law, and becomes a product that only the creator owns. As of which, this does also include copyright within it. As of which, this does stress the fact of exclusive rights that the owner does have. For example: The right to distribute. The owner has the right to distribute his/her work to public by sale or lending. An example would be the music industry, whereas you could file share with other people and this violates the right to distribution by the record companies.
   • Another intellectual property right would be the right to display in public. This is a right which allows you to play/act/dance/show the work at a public place or to transmit it to the public. Ethical beliefs include that it is okay to reproduce and sell products for a profit. Many stores have hidden stores within them that sell/ pirate movies or television shows and sell them for a cheap price. Many people would defend against that thought, as that make a profit for people to gain food or water, but in reality, it is who, who makes the product that looses money, or even their jobs.

4. Scope of Copyrights (Article Summary)

   • Copy right is a law, depicted by the government, given to the owner of the created, original work, to its use, and distribution. Copyright protects many types of work, including literary and architectural. Copyright is a form of intellectual property and it allows the creator to sell or reproduce the work, whereas others cannot, as it literally means "the right to copy". Having copyright for software, means that you are under the protection of law, if someone reproduces and sells your software. Restrictions of this law includes: Not lending, copying or renting the software, product to other people, and if broken, fines are charged and imprisonment could occur. As of which, copyright deals with ethics, as many people deal with choosing the right or wrong database of the system.Some people may think it is right to take other people's work, and sell it for money, but, many people have worked hard on creating that piece of work,.
   • The rights that come over copyrights include: The right to reproduce work: This is the right to reproduce the content. Copyright infringement would occur if someone other than the copyright owner made a copy and resold it. Another right is to reproduce to derivative works, whereas it is a right to modify work. For example, copyright infringement would occur if someone were to write a song with the same melody as another song without consultant of the owner.

5. Why Copyright is Important.

   • Copyright is important because it means that the creator of the content has control over what part of his/her content can be used. If there were no law that you could not reproduce other people's work, anybody could take your work and publish it, as if it were their's, and they could make money off of it, because there is no proof that it is your work. Because of it, creators are able to invest in whatever they created, and take credit for it, continuing to make their works.
   • That is why it is important to understand that pirating affects others,more than ourselves. For instance: Pirating music would not only be a crime of theft, but it goes towards a cost to the music artist. the artist had probably spent a large amount of time and money making the music, and needs a profit in order to pay that off. But if everyone pirates his/her music, then it would be a waste, and the artist would probably get affected greatly.

6. Common Ethical Issues of Copyright (In Piracy)

   • The reproduction of software by lending it to a friend or selling it to others. For example: Taking a software from a cd and copying it, sending the file to a friend. As almost everyone knows, using pirated software is illegal. But since most people do it, the common person would think that no one will ever find out. Also, other ethical issues that involve copyright and piracy include: The owner of the work is not losing anything, and the copying of the work is covered by "fair use:, with the exception of the law. These myths are usually what many people think , and end up getting away with it.

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