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Physics

Mariely BJ Física Tercero Inglês

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Physics

Measurements
- Uncertainties
  - Can affect
    - Precision
      - Random error
    - Accuracy
      - Systematic error
  - Absolute
    - Relative
      - Percentage
  - Operations
    - Sum and rest
      - Add the absolute uncertainties
    - Any other operation
      - Add percentage uncertainties
        For power and roots, multiply the exponent by the percentage uncertainty
- SI Units
  - Derived Units
    - Volume - m^3
      - Density - kgm^-3
        Newton - kgms^-2
  - Length - m
    - Time - s
      - Mass - kg
        Electric current - A
        Temperature - K
        Amount of substance - mol
        Luminous intensity - cd
- Orders of magnitud
  - Mass
    - Electron - 10^-30
      - Proton - 10^-27
        Observable universe - 10^50
  - Length
    - Radios proton - 10^-15
      - Diameter H atom - 10^-10
        Radios obs. universe - 10^26
  - Time
    - Age universe - 10^18
  - Themes
    - Vectors
      - Quantity with magnitude and direction
        Use of
        Trigonometry
        Motion
      - Not the same as
        Motion
        Scalar
        Quantity with magnitude only
      - Example
      - Equilibrant vector
        Added to the original gives zero as result
        Changes direction 180º
      - Weight
    - Thermodynamics
      - Boyle's Law
      - Charle's Law
      - Pressure Law
        Ideal Gas Law
        PV=nRT
        Small elastic balls
        PE is zero
        Smaller than total volume
        Elastic
      - KE + PE
        Internal energy
      - Average KE
        Temperature
      - Specific heat capacity
      - Heat capacity
      - Latent heat
        Fusion
        Vaporization
    - Circular Motion
      - Time period (s)
      - Frequency (s^-1)
      - Angular frequency
        or
        Angular velocity
        Simple Harmonic Motion
      - Centripetal acceleration
    - Oscillations
      - Simple Harmonic Motion
        Can be
        Pendulum
        Graphs
        Spring
        Related with
        Hooke's Law
      - Waves
        Travelling
        Transverse
        Light
        can also be
        Electromagnetic
        can be
        Unpolarized
        or
        Polarized
        Longitudinal
        Sound
        can also be
        Mechanical
        Standing
        Characteristics of light
        Reflection
        Total Internal Reflection
        Refraction
        Snell's Law
        Critical Angle
        Superposition
        Interference
        Constructive
        Destructive
        Path difference
        Pase difference
        Standing
        Travelling
        Smaller wavelength
        higher
        Frequency (s^-1)
        Energy
        Wavefront
        Ray
        Intensity
        related with
        Power/Area
        Polarized
        Malu's Law
        Brewster's Angle
      - Frequency (s^-1
      - Time period (s)
    - Kinematics
      - Motion
        Forces
        Newton's Fist Law
        Object is at rest or constant motion unless an external force is applied to it
        Newton's Second Law
        Momentum
        Change equals to
        Impulse
        F*t
        m*v
        Conservation of momentum
        and
        change of
        Collisions
        Elastic
        KE conserved
        Inelastic
        KE of system lost
        Explosions
        KE of system gained
        Impulse
        Newton's Third Law
        If an object exerts a force upon a second object, the second object exerts a force of same magnitude but opposite direction on the first one.
        Related with
        Explosions
        Strong
        Electromagnetic
        Weak
        Gravitational
        Weight
        Tension
        Normal
        Friction
        Static
        Dynamic
        Fluid resistance
        Uptrhust
        Thrust
        Drag
        Represented in
        Free body diagrams
        Distance vs Displacement
        Scalar
        Speed
        Energy
        Ability to do
        Vector
        Velocity
        Acceleration
        Work
        Scalar
        Nevertheless
        It can have negative values
        Is done
        Not
        An object has
        Ability to do
        Uniformly accelerated motion
        Free fall
        Projectile motion
        Vertical motion (y-compnent)
        Horizontal motion (x-compnent)
      - Energy
        Mechanic
        Kinetic
        Motion
        1/2mv^2
        Change of
        Net Work
        Work
        Potential
        Stored
        mgh
        Change of
        Work done by a person
        Work
        Rate of work done
        Useful over used
        Efficiency
        Can be
        Elastic
        Hooke's Law
        Conservation of energy
        Change
        Rate of energy transferred
        Power
        Useful over used
        Efficiency
        Average KE