Flashcards
Ecosystems Definitions
Flashcards do conjunto (38)
- 1DecomposerOrganisms that break down dead organic matter.
An example is a worm. - 2ConsumerLiving organisms that get their energy by feeding off other living organisms.
An example is a cow. - 3ProducerAutotrophic organisms that convert light energy to chemical energy.
An example is a tulip. - 4Trophic levelThe level at which an organism feeds in a food chain.
An example is a tertiary consumer. - 5AutotrophOrganisms that synthesise complex organic molecules from simple inorganic molecules in the process of photosynthesis.
An example is algae. - 6EcosystemThe living organisms and the non-living components of a habitat and their interactions.
An example is the Lake District. - 7Abiotic factorThe non-living or physical conditions of the ecosystem which affect an organism.
An example is soil pH. - 8Biotic factorThe living components of the ecosystem that affects an organism.
An example is disease. - 9NicheThe role of a species in its habitat.
An example is an oak tree which grows to dominate a forest canopy. - 10CommunityAll the populations of different species that live in the same place at the same time, and who can interact with each other.
An example is a lake with populations of insects, birds and fish. - 11HabitatThe place where an organism or population of organisms live.
An example is a coral reef. - 12PopulationThe number of individuals of one species within a defined area at a given time.
An example is the Galapagos Giant Tortoise. - 13HeterotrophOrganisms that acquire complex organic molecules by the ingestion of other organisms (feeding).
An example is yeast. - 14SuccessionA directional change in a community over time, starting with bare rock.
- 15Net Primary Productivity (NPP)The total amount of energy transferred from sunlight to chemical potential energy (biomass) less any used in respiration.
- 16Gross Primary Productivity (GPP)The total amount of energy transferred from sunlight to chemical potential energy (biomass) by plants.
- 17EcologyThe study of the interactions between the environment and the organisms that inhabit it.
- 18SuccessionWhen changes to the environment causes the plant and animal species to change.
- 19Pioneer SpeciesThey come into an area after disturbance.
- 20Primary SuccessionNo soil after disturbance
- 21Secondary SuccessionSoil after disturbance but no plants or animals.
- 22PlagioclimaxDeflected succession means climax is not reached.
- 23LAG PhaseA period of slow growth. This is because the small population reproduce to increase the population. The birth rate is higher than the death rate.
- 24Log PhaseIt is the period of rapid growth. The population increases exponentially. Here there are no limiting factors.
- 25Stationary PhaseIt is a stable state. The population growth is restricted by external factors. The population fluctuates.
- 26Carrying capacityIt is the maximum number of species an environment can support.
- 27Limiting factorsAbiotic factors: light, pH and water availability.
Biotic factors: predators, disease and competition. - 28ImmigrationMovement of individual organisms into an area.
- 29EmigrationMovement of individual organisms away from a particular area decreasing the population size.
- 30Density Independent FactorsFactors that have an effect on the whole population regardless of its size.
- 31Density Dependent FactorsA factor which affects the size or growth of a population due to its intensity.
- 32Exponential GrowthPopulations of many organisms follow this trend during initial expansion.
- 33Logarithmic ScaleNon-linear scale. The data spans several orders of magnitude.
- 34CarnivoreEats only animals
- 35HerbivoreEats only plants
- 36OmnivoreEats plants and animals
- 37What percentage of light is captured by plant or algae?1-3%
- 38What happens to the remain percentage?90% is reflected by the clouds/dust or absorbed by the atmosphere. All light is absorbed apart from the green wavelength. Also light may not fall on the chlorophyll molecule. Limiting factors to photosynthesis will mean that the light isn't used for photosynthesis.
Informações
- Descrição
- O usuário eliminou as informações de disciplina FlashCards sobre Ecosystems Definitions , criado por Usuário eliminado em 26-09-2017.
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- Usuário eliminado · set 2017
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- 26 set 2017
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- Criado por Chloe Drewery · 6 set 2017
- Copiado por Chloe Drewery · 26 set 2017
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