Carbohydrates

Carbohydrates

1. Made of monomers called monosaccharides

   • Eg : Glucose, Galactose, Fructose

2. C6H12O6

3. Two monosaccharides can be joined together to make disaccharides

   • Eg : maltose, lactose, sucrose
     • Alpha glucose +Alpha glucose= Maltose (enzyme used maltase)
     • Glucose + Galactose= Lactose (enzyme used lactase)
     • Glucose +fructose=Sucrose (enzyme used sucrase)
   • A bond between two monosaccharides are called glycosidic bond

4. Many monosaccharides are joined together to make polysaccharides

   • Eg : starch, glycogen, cellulose

5. reaction that splits and joins monosaccharides are called hydrolysis and condensation respectively

   • Condensation joins glucose by producing water to join the carbon and oxygen at the opposite ends
     • Glycosidic bond is created
   • Hydrolysis is splitting polymers by addding water to seperate bonds
     • Glycosidic bond is broken