Andy Putman
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Module 5: Global Stratification - Economy, Political Structure, Urbanization and Migration

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Andy Putman
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Intro to SOC - Module 5 - Quiz

Questão 1 de 40

1

How did Max Weber define power?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • The authority to imprison citizens without cause.

  • The legal resources to prosecute and punish.

  • Politically elected influence used to control the masses.

  • The ability to exercise one's will over others.

Explicação

Questão 2 de 40

1

Juan believes that battles such as the French Revolution are necessary for a country to preserve liberty, to maintain or gain land, and will ultimately lead to a more even distribution of wealth among a population. From which sociological perspective do Juan thoughts come from?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Feminist

  • Conflict theory

  • Functionalism

  • Symbolic interactionism

Explicação

Questão 3 de 40

1

What is the term for power legitimized on the basis of a leader's exceptional personal qualities?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Traditional

  • Charismatic

  • Rational-Legal

  • Political-Legal

Explicação

Questão 4 de 40

1

Which sociological perspective would consider activism such as Occupy Wall Street and Teacher's Union rallies undesirable, because they force political change?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Feminist

  • Conflict theory

  • Functionalism

  • Symbolic interactionism

Explicação

Questão 5 de 40

1

Which sociologist studies the power elite, and wrote the book entitled Who Rules America?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • G. William Domhoff

  • C. Wright Mills

  • Karl Marx

  • Émile Durkheim

Explicação

Questão 6 de 40

1

Communist regimes, which attempt to control all aspects of citizens' lives, are examples of which form of government

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Oligarchy

  • Dictatorship

  • Constitutional monarchy

  • Totalitarian dictatorship

Explicação

Questão 7 de 40

1

In recent decades, lobbying has become a powerful force in the political world. Lobbyists frequently meet behind closed doors with senators, lawmakers, and congressmen and women to push influential legislation through the congressional process. Which sociological perspective would be most interested in examining the lobbying movement?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Feminist

  • Exchange theory

  • Functionalism

  • Symbolic interactionism

Explicação

Questão 8 de 40

1

What is the definition of representative democracy?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • A form of government in which a small percentage of the population is represented by popular election, and the rest of the population is represented by those whose office is dependent upon noble birth.

  • A government of a nation that recognizes monarchs but requires these figures to abide by the laws of a greater constitution,

  • A form of government in which power is held by a small, elite group.

  • A government wherein citizens elect officials to represent their interests.

Explicação

Questão 9 de 40

1

Which of the following contributes lower percentage of voter turnout from those who come from lower socioeconomic background?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Voting sites frequently discourage participation from those of lower socioeconomic backgrounds.

  • Member of lower socioeconomic backgrounds are more likely to overestimate the voting practices of their peers.

  • Lower-paying jobs frequently have less flexible hours, making time to vote difficult.

  • Many citizens from lower socioeconomic backgrounds cannot afford to vote.

Explicação

Questão 10 de 40

1

Which sociologist saw political conflict as the only means of promoting positive change for the underprivileged?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • G. William Domhoff

  • C. Wright Mills

  • Karl Marx

  • Émile Durkheim

Explicação

Questão 11 de 40

1

Which of the following best defines the term commodity?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • A physical object we find, grow, or make to meet our needs and those of others.

  • An activity that benefits people, such as health care, education, and entertainment.

  • An economic system which adheres to the principles of socialism.

  • A benefit given to those who participate in the capitalist market.

Explicação

Questão 12 de 40

1

During what time period did economies begin to develop globally?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • The Industrial Revolution

  • The Post-Industrial Revolution

  • The Agricultural Revolution

  • The Information Age

Explicação

Questão 13 de 40

1

Which of the following is an example of polarization?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • The job market is increasing in the lowest economic levels, and is increasing in the highest economic levels.

  • A professional career is guaranteed after earning a college degree.

  • Unemployment is down for those with PhDs and those without a high school education.

  • The recession has encouraged many workers to earn their associate degrees.

Explicação

Questão 14 de 40

1

Jin is a conflict theorist sociologist. Which of the following statements about Occupy Wall Street would align with Jin's sociological perspective?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Occupy Wall Street is positive; our capitalist economy is only making social inequality grow larger.

  • Occupy Wall Street is a waste of time; our capitalistic economy is keeping our nation healthy, and is designed for maximum efficiency.

  • Occupy Wall Street is a threat; with so many angry people gathered in one place, horrible violence will surely break out.

  • Occupy wall Street is dangerous; large crowds in these environments heighten the risk for sexual abuse and gender discrimination.

Explicação

Questão 15 de 40

1

The term xenophobia can best be defined as:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • An illogical fear and even hatred of foreigners and foreign goods.

  • A marketing campaign aimed at foreign countries selling American goods.

  • A pronounced fear of globalization destroying one's job.

  • A hatred of corporate America and the lobbying push.

Explicação

Questão 16 de 40

1

Which of the following best defines the term globalization?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • The process of removing manufacturing and industrial sites from foreign countries and returning them to the United States.

  • When products are assembled over the course of several international transactions.

  • Long periods of recession followed by sharp economic upturn worldwide.

  • The process of integrating governments, cultures, and financial markets through international trade into a single world market.

Explicação

Questão 17 de 40

1

Apple computers ship their computer parts to India to be made, and station their tech support in India. This is an example of a:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Decisive export

  • Global assembly line

  • Global commodity chain

  • Xenophobia

Explicação

Questão 18 de 40

1

Keshawn used to work for an IT company in Baltimore, but lost his job when his company decided to use workers in New Delhi instead. This is an example of:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Outsourcing

  • Polarization

  • Automation

  • The technology gap

Explicação

Questão 19 de 40

1

Which of the following is not an example of underemployment?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • After college graduation, Marcus could only find work part-time as a bartender.

  • After his wife gave birth to twins, Jerry quit his job to help raise them.

  • Following the recession, Ellen lost her full-time job as a PR assistant and found part-time work as a cosmetic sales associate.

  • When John's sales job is outsources he's forced to take work as a janitor to pay off his student loans.

Explicação

Questão 20 de 40

1

Alex's country was once communist, but now allows limited private ownership of companies, and lets market forces determine production and pricing decisions. What kind of economy id Alex living in?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Market Communist

  • Market Socialist

  • Capitalist

  • Democratic

Explicação

Questão 21 de 40

1

A sociologist is studying how the population of certain countries influences and affects the population and environment of other neighboring countries. This sociologist is most likely a:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Structural functionalist

  • Conflict theorist

  • Symbolic interactionist

  • Feminist

Explicação

Questão 22 de 40

1

Paris has been studying the demography of the United Kingdom. The U.K is very similar to the Untied States or Sweden in that it is industrialized, has relatively long life expectancy, and infant mortality is low. Which stage in the Demographic Transition Theory would the U.K. fall into?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Stage 1

  • Stage 2

  • Stage 3

  • Stage 4

Explicação

Questão 23 de 40

1

IN 2013, the number of refugees, asylum-seekers, and internally displaced people worldwide exceeded ________ people for the first time since the end of World War II.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • 45 million

  • 50 million

  • 90 million

  • 100 million

Explicação

Questão 24 de 40

1

Which is an aspect of city life that might catch a human ecologist's attention?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • The NIMBY movement to prevent a giant chain from opening near a high rise apartment building.

  • The decision to make sidewalks narrower so that a city road can provide on-street parking.

  • The number of nannies that can be found in Central Park on a given day.

  • The number of male nannies that take care of children in New York City.

Explicação

Questão 25 de 40

1

If we consider the concentric zone model, which is a conflict theorist's critique?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • The model fails to show the gentrification of neighborhoods as certain classes starts to take over cities.

  • The model fails to take into account all the parks and playgrounds in the city.

  • The model does not show any careful city planning that usually takes place when a city is born.

  • The model fails to explore areas of overlap where a business might be located in a suburb or people might live about their businesses in the city.

Explicação

Questão 26 de 40

1

What type of nations are the greatest sources of greenhouse gases?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Core

  • Peripheral

  • Postindustrial

  • Semi-peripheral

Explicação

Questão 27 de 40

1

Why do we have two words for a big city: metropolis and megapolis?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • A metropolis only has domestic airports while a megalopolis has international airports.

  • A metropolis has less than 2 million people, while a megalopolis has more than 5 million people.

  • A metropolis is characterized by the presence of a subway, while a megalopolis is characterized by a public bus system.

  • A metropolis is just one city while a megalopolis includes many different cities.

Explicação

Questão 28 de 40

1

What have sociologists begun to realize about the nomadic lifestyle?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Nomads have a hard time bridging the gap between their traditional lifestyle and doing what is best for the land.

  • Nomads never tire the land they live on because they are constantly moving form place to place.

  • Nomads are better than stationary farmers at protecting the land and keeping the soil good for other people's use.

  • Nomads only raise sheep and goats, not cows or oxen, so the grass their herds consume is minimal at most.

Explicação

Questão 29 de 40

1

Why has e-waste become an issue, especially in the 21st century?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • E-waste not only contains harmful chemicals, but electronics become obsolete every six months or so, which means, every six months people are throwing away perfectly good electronics in order to get the newest one. This has led to an enormous increase in the amount of trash people produce.

  • E-waste is not easily recyclable because often in the same machine these is glass, plastic, and metal. Also e-waste tends to consist of big, heavy machinery that is difficult to dispose of properly.

  • E-waste is a sign of degrading cultural values. People no longer values creating lasting products or getting products fixed; they would much rather just buy a new one and discard the old ones

  • E-waste is a natural by-product of an industrialized nation and cannot be helped. People must resign themselves to its presence and find better ways of purifying water, soil, and air.

Explicação

Questão 30 de 40

1

Josh sits in his kitchen in the city projects trying to sip his coffee while inhaling the nauseating fumes wafting from the town dump that was relocated to within a mile of his home. He desperately wishes he could move, but he works two jobs just to make ends meet for his family. Josh lives in the poorer part of town; the part that is greatly overlooked by local government officials. What might a sociologist call this phenomenon?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • white fight

  • gentrification

  • environmental racism

  • urbanization

Explicação

Questão 31 de 40

1

Which social class is quickly disappearing from modern economies?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Upper Class

  • Middle Class

  • Lower Class

  • The amount of people in each has been about the same for the past 10 years.

Explicação

Questão 32 de 40

1

How is global stratification different from social stratification?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Global stratification only examines environmental inequalities amount nations while social stratification examines inequalities among people.

  • Global stratification can only measure the inequalities amount purely democratic states, while social stratification can be expanded to apply to people in any country in the world.

  • Global stratification examines a myriad of different types of prejudice an inequality, while social stratification covers the social class and standing of individuals.

  • Countries cannot move up and down the global stratification ladder, unlike people who can use social mobility to climb or fall the social stratification ladder.

Explicação

Questão 33 de 40

1

In recent times, scholars have been trying to sort out why the countries on the continent of Africa, as a whole, have trouble competing to today's global, capitalist economy. While an answer to this question is complex and carries with it many ambiguities, most scholars point to European colonialism as a key to understanding the current state of Africa. A sociologist studying this topic, would ascribe to which theoretical paradigm?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Structural functionalism

  • Symbolic interactionism

  • Conflict theory

  • Feminist theory

Explicação

Questão 34 de 40

1

Women's employment outside the agricultural sector remains under 20 percent in:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Southern America

  • Northern Africa

  • Western Asia

  • Northern Asia

Explicação

Questão 35 de 40

1

Immanuel Wallerstein's classification of nations uses which set of terms?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • super powers, allies of super powers, enemies or super powers

  • primary nation, secondary nation, tertiary nation

  • first world, second world, third world

  • core nation, peripheral nation, semi-peripheral nation

Explicação

Questão 36 de 40

1

Which number does the World Bank use to determine the status and classification of each nation?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Gross National Income per Capita

  • Gross Domestic Product

  • Purchasing Power Parity

  • Organization for Economic and Cooperative Development data

Explicação

Questão 37 de 40

1

Which trend has the World bank seen in its study of poverty in low-income nations?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Equal numbers of men and women live in poverty.

  • More men live in poverty than women.

  • More women live in poverty than men.

  • Children can avail living in poverty if they live with their fathers.

Explicação

Questão 38 de 40

1

Maria babysits as a form of income while she is in college. Because the amounts she gets per job are not huge, Maria never bothers to report her earnings to the IRS. Maria is a part of the _______.

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Underground economy.

  • Under-reported economy.

  • Under-earning economy.

  • Under-paid economy.

Explicação

Questão 39 de 40

1

Child labor and sweatshops have existed since the Industrial Revolution and even before that. Many products sold today are created in these sweatshops, even though, living in the 21st century, we like to think we are above such practices. What is one practical way we can try and stop multinational companies form using such labor?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • We can ignore the problem because it will eventually go away.

  • We can trust that the CEOs and the members of the board of the companies will do the right thing.

  • We can justify such practices because they are legal in other countries.

  • We can be responsible consumers and research products before buying them.

Explicação

Questão 40 de 40

1

An example of slavery, according to Anti-Slavery International, is:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Factories employing adults at salary level

  • Factories using child labor

  • Children attending school

  • Children playing with friends

Explicação

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