Flashcards
Proteins
Flashcards do conjunto (18)
- 1Complete the sentences: Proteins are _________. The monomers of proteins are ________ ________. A __________ is formed when two amino acids join together. A polypeptide is formed when more than _____ amino acids join together.Proteins are POLYMERS. The monomers of proteins are AMINO ACIDS. A DIPEPTIDE is formed when two amino acids join together. A polypeptide is formed when more than TWO amino acids join together.
- 2What is the structure of amino acis?A carboxyl group (-COOH) and an amino group (-NH₂) attached to a carbon atom.
The R group differs from one amino acid to another - 3What is the smallest amino acid?Glycine (NH₂CH₂COOH)
- 4How are peptide bonds formed?Condensation reaction
- 5How are peptide bonds broken?Hydrolysis reaction
- 6Name the four levels of protein structurePrimary
Secondary
Tertiary
Quaternary - 7What is the primary structure?Sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide chain
Determines the eventual shape of the protein
Held together by the peptide bonds between the amino acids - 8What is the secondary structure ?Chain coils or folds to form an alpha helix or beta pleated sheet
These are held together by hydrogen bonds formed between the -NH and -CO groups of the amino acids - 9What is the tertiary structure?The 3D shape where the coils and pleats coil or fold themselves
They are held in place by hydrogen bonds, ionic bond, disulphide bonds and hydrophobic interactions - 10What are hydrogen bonds?Occurs between some hydrogen atoms and some oxygen and nitrogen atoms in the polypeptide chain
Opposite forces attract to form hydrogen bonds
They are weak but there are many of them - 11What are ionic bonds?Occurs between any charged groups that are not joined together by a peptide bond
Stronger than hydrogen bonds but can be broken down by changes in pH/temperature - 12What are disulphide bonds?Occurs between the sulphur atoms of some amino acids that are close together
These are very strong - 13What are hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions?When globular proteins are in solution, their hydrophobic groups point inwards, away from water
- 14What is the quaternary structure?The linking together of a number of polypeptide chains
E.g. haemoglobin has 4 polypeptide chains - 15Compare the structure of fibrous and globular proteinsFIBROUS = stable structure
GLOBULAR = relatively unstable structure - 16Compare the solubility of fibrous and globular proteinsFIBROUS = insoluble
GLOBULAR = soluble - 17Compare the function of fibrous and globular proteinsFIBROUS = structural functions (strength)
GLOBULAR = metabolic functions - 18Compare the polypeptide chains of fibrous and globular proteinsFIBROUS = chains form long strands
GLOBULAR = chains 'roll-up' into spherical shape
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- O usuário eliminou as informações de disciplina FlashCards sobre Proteins, criado por Usuário eliminado em 05-03-2018.
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- Usuário eliminado · mar 2018
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- 5 mar 2018
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- Criado por Yinka F · 24 jan 2018
- Copiado por Yinka F · 5 mar 2018
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