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Quiz

L19 STIs

Usuário eliminado 16 perguntas Atualizado em 2 out 2019

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Perguntas do quiz (16)

  1. 1Common types of sexually transmitted infections in NZ:
    • [blank_start]Bacterial[blank_end] - Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Treponema pallidium
    • [blank_start]Protozoal[blank_end] - Trichomonas vaginalis
    • [blank_start]Viral[blank_end] – HSV, HPV, HIV
    1. ABacterial
    2. BProtozoal
    3. CViral
  2. 2At risk populations:
    • very young - infected in [blank_start]utero[blank_end] or at birth
    • sexually active young adults, especially those who [blank_start]drink[blank_end]
    1. Autero
    2. Bdrink alcohol
  3. 3Chlamydia trachomatis:
    • non-motile [blank_start]gram –ve cocci[blank_end]
    • 2 specialised forms - intracellular & extracellular. Obligate [blank_start]intracellular[blank_end] pathogen.
    - Disease in Women: commonly asymptomatic [blank_start](75[blank_end]%), urethritis &/or cervicitis, purulent [blank_start]discharge[blank_end], burning [blank_start]sensation[blank_end]. If untreated an ascending infection can develop into [blank_start]pelvic inflammatory disease[blank_end] (PID) (40%). Involvement of uterus, fallopian tubes & ovaries - chronic pain (18%), infertility ([blank_start]20[blank_end]%), life threatening ectopic pregnancy (9%)
    - Disease in utero/neonates: [blank_start]premature[blank_end] birth, conjunctivitis, pneumonia
    - Disease in Men - asymptomatic infection ([blank_start]50[blank_end]%), urethritis - discharge, pain on urination, epididymitis - swollen, painful testicles, [blank_start]proctitis[blank_end] - (rectal infection; pain, bleeding, discharge), untreated – infertility
    • Diagnosis
    - direct culture not possible, [blank_start]PCR test[blank_end] is available
    • Treatment
    - [blank_start]contacts[blank_end] must also be treated, 1 or 7 day therapy
    • Prevention: Education, [blank_start]Screening[blank_end] programmes for high risk groups
    1. Agram –ve cocci
    2. Bintracellular
    3. C(75
    4. Ddischarge
    5. Esensation
    6. Fpelvic inflammatory disease
    7. G20
    8. Hpremature
    9. I50
    10. Jproctitis
    11. KPCR test
    12. Lcontacts
    13. Mscreening
  4. 4Gonorrhoea - "The Clap"
    • Neisseria gonorrhoeae - [blank_start]gram negative diplococci[blank_end], closely related to N. meningitidis
    • person to person transmission
    • Infection limited to [blank_start]mucus[blank_end] membranes lined with [blank_start]columnar[blank_end] epithelium (urethra, cervix, rectum, pharynx, conjunctiva)
    - Disease in Adults: may be asymptomatic (~ [blank_start]50[blank_end]% females, [blank_start]30[blank_end]% males). Inflammation, dysuria, [blank_start]discharge[blank_end] (scant/copious, mucoid/purulent)/ in on urination may be extreme. Complications - ascending infection (male - [blank_start]prostate, testicles[blank_end]: female -
    [blank_start]PID[blank_end]) causing infertility - systemic spread (endocarditis, [blank_start]meningitis[blank_end]),
    - Neonates: 2016 – 4 cases < 1 year of age. Ocular infection can lead to [blank_start]blindness[blank_end].
    • Testing/Diagnosis: routine testing should occur for high risk individuals ([blank_start]2[blank_end] weeks post contact), self collected sampling possible. First line test: [blank_start]nucleic acid amplification[blank_end] tests. [blank_start]Culture[blank_end] for detection of new/unknown resistance mutations. Follow up test at [blank_start]3 months[blank_end].
    • Treatment: many strains now [blank_start]AMR[blank_end], should also treat for [blank_start]chlamydia[blank_end].
    1. Agram negative diplococci
    2. Bmucous
    3. Ccolumnar
    4. D50
    5. E30
    6. Fdischarge
    7. Gprostate, testicles
    8. HPID
    9. Imeningitis
    10. Jblindness
    11. K2
    12. Lnucleic acid amplification
    13. MCulture
    14. N3 months
    15. OAMR
    16. Pchlamydia
  5. 5Trichomonas vaginalis (TV)
    • Protozoa, obligate human pathogen of [blank_start]genitourinary[blank_end] tract, twitching motility, sexually transmitted
    • Common - affects [blank_start]5-10[blank_end]% men & women
    • Often found with other [blank_start]STI[blank_end] pathogens
    - Disease in Women: asymptomatic (>[blank_start]50[blank_end]%). Thin [blank_start]frothy yellowish green[blank_end] discharge, foul [blank_start]odour[blank_end], vulva red and [blank_start]swollen[blank_end], itching, post-coital bleeding, cervical [blank_start]haemorrhage[blank_end], abdominal pain (+/-). Complications - risk factor for other STI, [blank_start]pre-term[blank_end] delivery, very [blank_start]rarely[blank_end] infertility if have severe disease with spread to fallopian tubes.
    - Disease in Men: asymptomatic, [blank_start]self-limiting[blank_end] infection, risk factor for other STI. [blank_start]Urethritis[blank_end], thin yellow-green discharge, pain on urination.
    - Disease in Neonates: 2-17% of female infants born to infected mothers will develop vaginal infections, usually [blank_start]asymptomatic, self-limiting[blank_end].
    - Diagnosis & Treatment: microscopy, culture - also of [blank_start]contacts[blank_end]. Treat with [blank_start]metronidazole[blank_end] – oral better cure than topical. Resistance in 4-10% of cases & no vaccine.
    1. Agenitourinary
    2. B5-10
    3. CSTI
    4. D50
    5. Efrothy yellowish green
    6. Fodour
    7. Gswollen
    8. Hhaemorrhage
    9. Ipre-term
    10. Jrarely
    11. Kself-limiting
    12. LUrethritis
    13. Masymptomatic, self-limiting
    14. Ncontacts
    15. Ometronidazole
  6. 6T. pallidum - Syphilis.
    • spiral shaped [blank_start]bacteria[blank_end], obligate human pathogen
    • increases risk of [blank_start]HIV[blank_end] infection
    • in pregnancy, infection can cause [blank_start]miscarriage[blank_end] and infection of the newborn
    • diagnosis - direct [blank_start]microcopy[blank_end] or specific [blank_start]antibodies[blank_end] (ELISA)
    • treatment - [blank_start]intramuscular[blank_end] penicillin: [blank_start]long[blank_end]-acting Bicillin (benzathine penicillin) [blank_start]1.8[blank_end]g, as short-acting formulations are [blank_start]insufficient[blank_end] for syphilis treatment.
    82% of cases are [blank_start]men[blank_end] who have sexual contact with [blank_start]other men[blank_end].
    Is routine to screen for it in [blank_start]antenatal[blank_end] screening.
    1. Abacteria
    2. BHIV
    3. Cmiscarriage
    4. Dmicroscopy
    5. Eantibodies
    6. Fintramuscular
    7. Glong
    8. H1.8
    9. Iinsufficient
    10. Jmen
    11. Kother men
    12. Lantenatal
  7. 7Syphilis - stages of infection
    • 65% men and [blank_start]50[blank_end]% of women symptomatic
    • primary - painless [blank_start]ulcerative[blank_end] sore on genitals, maybe internal or external, heal [blank_start]spontaneously[blank_end] within 3-6 weeks
    • secondary - skin [blank_start]rash[blank_end] with brown sores , always on [blank_start]palms[blank_end] of hands, [blank_start]soles[blank_end] of feet; mild [blank_start]fever[blank_end], aches etc. rash spontaneously resolves - sores highly [blank_start]infectious[blank_end].
    • latent - no further symptoms, non-infectious
    • tertiary - systemic spread and damage to [blank_start]brain, heart, eyes[blank_end]; results in mental illness, blindness or even death
    1. A50
    2. Bulcerative
    3. Cspontaneously
    4. Drash
    5. Epalms
    6. Fsoles
    7. Gfever
    8. Hinfectious
    9. Ibrain, heart, eyes
  8. 8Genital warts are caused by [blank_start]human papillomavirus[blank_end] (HPV).
    • Extremely common ~ [blank_start]75[blank_end]% of sexually active adults will have been infected
    • Sexually transmissible; highly [blank_start]infectious[blank_end] when warts are present but still may be infectious when virus is [blank_start]latent[blank_end].
    • HPVs that cause external warts do not generally cause [blank_start]cancer[blank_end] BUT co-infection with different HPV types is common.
    • Warts can [blank_start]vary[blank_end] in size and appearance, often appear in [blank_start]clusters[blank_end]
    • Women's are often [blank_start]internal[blank_end] (cervix and vagina)
    • Few other symptoms; recurrent disease
    1. Ahuman papillomavirus
    2. B75
    3. Cinfectious
    4. Dlatent
    5. Ecancer
    6. Fvary
    7. Gclusters
    8. Hinternal
  9. 9Genital Herpes
    • Herpes simplex virus type 1 & 2 (HSV-1, HSV-2)
    • Both [blank_start]oral[blank_end] (HSV-1) and [blank_start]genital[blank_end] lesions (HSV-2)
    • Infection is through [blank_start]broken[blank_end] skin via contact with person having an [blank_start]outbreak[blank_end]
    • Non-curable STI, virus remains latent in [blank_start]nerve endings[blank_end]
    • Oral [blank_start]antivirals[blank_end] can hasten resolution of disease (~1 [blank_start]day[blank_end]), no impact on risk or severity of recurrences
    - Adults - often asymptomatic, primary infection - systemic symptoms ([blank_start]fever, headache, malaise[blank_end]) + local
    symptoms (pain, itching, discharge, pustular or ulcerative [blank_start]lesions[blank_end]). \Outbreaks - no symptoms or local symptoms only, outbreak frequency [blank_start]decreases[blank_end] with time. Complications - disseminated/[blank_start]systemic[blank_end] infection, CNS complications ([blank_start]meningitis[blank_end])
    - Neonates - infected at delivery, greater risk if [blank_start]primary[blank_end] infection (50%, < 5% for outbreak). Mortality rate of [blank_start]65[blank_end]% from disseminated disease.
    1. Aoral
    2. Bgenital
    3. Cbroken
    4. Doutbreak
    5. Enerve endings
    6. Fantivirals
    7. Gday
    8. Hfever, headache, malaise
    9. Ilesions
    10. Jdecreases
    11. Ksystemic
    12. Lmeningitis
    13. Mprimary
    14. N65
  10. 10HIV
    • Human immunodeficiency virus
    • Cellular target of HIV are [blank_start]CD4+ cells[blank_end] T cells
    • gp120 binds to CD4 causing [blank_start]conformational[blank_end] changes to take place; allows binding of gp120 to [blank_start]coreceptors[blank_end]
    (CCR5 or CXCR4)
    • gp41 can [blank_start]penetrate[blank_end] cell surface
    Epidemiology:
    • World: 2016 – 36.7 million people living with HIV & 18.2 on accessing therapy, 2 million new infections & 1.2 million deaths
    • NZ rate in low. Biggest [blank_start]decline[blank_end] in men who have sexual contact with men. [blank_start]No[blank_end] cases of perinatally HIV
    since 2007.
    1. ACD4+ cells
    2. Bconformational
    3. Ccoreceptors
    4. Dpenetrate
    5. Edecline
    6. FNo

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O usuário eliminou as informações de disciplina Quiz sobre L19 STIs, criado por Usuário eliminado em 02-10-2019.
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Usuário eliminado
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English
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Criado em 2 out 2019 · atualizado em 2 out 2019
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