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1. Descriptive

Naturalistic observation - observer effect

Laboratory observation

Case Study

Longitudinal

Cross sectional

Developmental

Surveys and Interview

2. Prediction

- Finding relationships :

measure two or more variable.

calculate correlation coefficient

about type of relationship and how strong relationship is

* Positive correlation - variables are related in the same direction

- as one increases, the other increases; as one decreases, the other decreases.

- age and vocabulary

- sunshine and mood

- tv violence and aggression

* Negative correlations - inverse relationship

- as one increases other decrease.

- engine size and mpg

3. Experiments

* Random assignment - each subject has an equal chance of being in either group.

makes group roughly before you start.

* Manipulation of independent variable and measurement of dependent variable.

manipulated by the experimenter

behavior that you measure

* Control of extraneous variables.

treat all groups the same except for IV