Flashcards
Endocrine System - Hormones
Flashcards do conjunto (15)
- 1Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)-Hydrophilic
-a Glycoprotein
-produced by gonadotropes
-FSH & Testosterone (T) = synergistic
- 2Luteinizing Hormone (LH)-Hydrophilic
-a Glycoprotein
-produced by gonadotropes - 3Growth Hormone (GH)-Hydrophilic
-Peptide w/long chain of amino acids
-produced by somatotropes
-NOT involved in fetal growth
-Exerts actions by binding directly to target tissues (metabolism), BUT INDIRECT effect on growth
Under influence of growth hormone:
•Net synthesis of proteins
•↑Length of the long bones
•↑ size and number of cells in soft tissues
-Stimulates IGF-1
-GH is the MOST abundant ANTERIOR pituitary hormone secreted
-GH (acting through IGF-I) stimulates growth in soft tissues and skeleton
->GH on soft tissues:
-via IGF-1
-hyperplasia & hypertrophy
GH & Bone Growth:
-cartilage cells (chondrocytes)
-osteoclasts
-osteoblasts
-epiphyseal plate
-Laying down of bone at the epiphyseal plate - 4Thyroid hormone (TH)-lipophilic
Made from tyrosine:
->has 2 tyrosine amino acids
->T4 = has 4 iodines
->T3 = has 3 iodines
*–T3 more potent than T4
-Inhibits anterior pituitary
-a growth-influencing hormone
- 5Thyroid Stimulating hormone (TSH)-stimulates thyroid gland
-produced by thyrotropes - 6Progesterone (P)Progesterone and estrogen = antagonistic
- 7Estrogen (E) (sex hormone)-Progesterone and estrogen = antagonistic
-a growth-influencing hormone - 8Testosterone (T) (sex hormone)-FSH & Testosterone (T) = synergistic
-Both T and E2 = halt bone growth at end of puberty
(a growth-influencing hormone) - 9Vasopressin-Antidiuretic hormone
-triggered by:
•Hypothalamic osmoreceptors (dominantly)
↑ vasopressin = ↑ permeability of distal and collecting tubules (of kidney) -> ↑ H20 reabsorption -> ↓ urine ouptut & ↑ plasma volume
**Vasopressin release triggered by increased plasma osmolarity or decreased ECF volume or blood pressure
-Detected by hypothalamic osmoreceptors and left atrium volume receptors
-Targets the kidney (distal and collecting tubules), causes insertion of aquaporins and enhances the retention of water
-Targets the arteriolar smooth muscle to cause pressor effect
- 10OxytocinRelease triggered by:
•Stimulation of cervical & nipple mechanoreceptors
-↑ oxytocin = ↑ contraction of myoepithelial cells around alveoli = milk ejection from nipple
-↓ oxytocin (low levels) = ↑ uterine contractions = fetus pushed against cervix (neuroendocrine reflex) = ↑ oxytocin (+ feedback loop)
-causes corpus luteum (CL) termination
**Oxytocin release triggered by mechanoreceptors in cervix or nipple
-Acts at uterus (increase contractions)
-Acts at breast (milk ejection)
-Act at corpus luteum to aid in termination of CL function
- 11Prolactin (PRL)-protein similar to GH
-produced by lactotropes - 12Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)-produced by corticotropes
- 13—
- 14Insulin-a growth-influencing hormone
- 15Estradiol (E2)-Both T and E2 = halt bone growth at end of puberty
Informações
- Descrição
- PSIO 743 - Exam 5
- Criado por
- Usuário eliminado · nov 2019
- Atualizado
- 7 nov 2019
- Visualizações
- 6
- Histórico
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- Criado por Marissa Alvarez · 6 nov 2019
- Copiado por Marissa Alvarez · 7 nov 2019
- Avaliação