uniformly pigmented macule or patch; irregular border; 0.5-1.5cm; benign

deposition of melanin (extremities, gingiva, areas w/ lots of friction)

bronze, dark, or grayish black pigmentation

yellow skin; icteric sclera

yellow discoloration; sclera not affected

yellow tinge; sallow appearance
(nails, lips, mucus membranes, palpebral conjunctiva)

chalky or milky white patches; periorificial areas (perioral, periorbital, umbilicus, perianal)

hypopigmentation w/ slightly scaly macules on trunk and upper arms

redness

dark brown pigmentation;
what drug?

yellow pigmentation;
what drug?

bluish pigmentation;
what drug?

rapid assessment of tissue hydration; speed with which it returns to place after lifting up

short, fine, inconspicuous relatively pigmented hair

coarse, thick, more conspicuous, pigmented hair

excessive hair
(androgen-dependent growth areas: upper lip, cheeks, chin, central chest, lower abd, groin)

clearly demarcated coin-shaped bald patches w/ 1 or 2 possible lesions; very clean (no scaling/inflamm), shiny;
young adults and children

exclamation point hairs (stub-like)

hair loss: entire scalp

hair loss: generalized or universal
(scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, axillary, pubic)

Scalp: reddish to purple plaque, elevated, hyperkeratinosis, surface is scarred

diminished hair shaft production due to marked inhibition of anagen; profound hair loss

Shedding of hair
(seen in Px w/ high grade fever, viral infection, 2-4 mos after birth)

Nails: oil spots, loosening of nail, onycholysis, pitting

painless separation of nail plate from nail bed; starts distally progresses proximally, enlarging free edge

nails: proximal white & distal pink/brown w./ sharp demarcation

nail: thin, concave, edges everted

bulbous swelling of soft tissue at nail base w/ loss of normal angle bet nail and proximal nail fold

multiple, minute, vesicular lesion in a linear arrangement;
exposed areas e.g. arms

bull's eye/iris lesions;
periphery: halo-like erythema
center: papule, vesicle, purpura, bullae or erythema;
extremities e.g. palms & soles

vesicles w/ erythematous base; mucocutaneous, asymmetric lesions;
mucocutaneous angle in mouth

granulomatous; annular/ring-like lesion w/ prominent border

cholesterol deposits; reddish or yellow

eryhematous lesion similar to herpes, but asymmetric (dermatomal, zosteriform)

circumscribed, flat lesion, differ in color, <1cm
(basic skin lesion)

circumsribed, flat lesion, >1cm
(basic skin lesion)

<1cm, solid elevated lesion,
can be: dome-shaped or flat-topped
(basic skin lesion)

mesa-like elevation, surface area > ht; >1cm
(basic skin lesion)

palpable, solid, rounded/oval lesion; marble-like lesion, >0.5cm; deeper;
hard, soft, movable, fixed, etc.
(basic skin lesion)

irregular, relatively transient, superficial are of localized skin edema
(basic skin lesion)

evanescent, flat/rounded papule or plaque, pinkish, unstable erythematous borders w/ pale centers

skin becomes raised and inflamed when stroked, scratched, rubbed, or slapped

circumscribed lesion (up to 1cm), contains serous fluid
(basic skin lesion)

several minute vesicles coalescing in mucocutaneous junctions

several minute vesicles in sides of fingers associated w/ atopic dermatitis

intraepidermal, filled w/ serous fluid
(basic skin lesion)

subepidermal; filled w/ serious fluid
(basic skin lesion)

circumscribed raised lesion w/ purulent exudate
(basic skin lesion)

deep necrotizing folliculitis

coalescing furuncles

lesions that have lysed; when serum, blood, or purulent exudates dry on skin surface
(2˚ skin lesion)

linear cleavage or cracks resulting from excess dryness; painful
(heels, anal area, angles of mouth)

(2˚ skin lesion)

superficial excavations of epidermis; may be linear or punctate
(2˚ skin lesion)

thickening of skin, accentuation of normal skin markings, hyperpigmentation, induration
(ankles, nape, knee, elbow)

(2˚ skin lesion)

depressed lesion; moist circumscribed, resulting from loss of epidermis
(2˚ skin lesion)

disminution or thinning of skin; very red initially, then appears very white;
(2˚ skin lesion)

hole or defect after an area of epidermis and part of dermis is destroyed
(2˚ skin lesion)

fibrous tissue replacement; consequence of healing at site of prior ulcer or wound
(2˚ skin lesion)

scar: remains confined to area of initial lesion (e.g. BCG vaccine)
(2˚ skin lesion)

scar: claw-like spread to adjacent areas, not confined
(2˚ skin lesion)

scar: ice pick type of acne marks; depressed
(2˚ skin lesion)

abnormal shedding or accumulation of epidermis in perceptible flakes
(2˚ skin lesion)

branny powdery/small husk-like scale
(2˚ skin lesion)

micaceous/large or white silvery scales
(2˚ skin lesion)

scale: fish scale appearance
(2˚ skin lesion)

scale: horny masses
(2˚ skin lesion)

keratotic plugs; chicken skin appearance; hair follicles blocked by keratin
(2˚ skin lesion)

TEST: (+) press side of lesion = indentation, dimple or retraction at the center

TEST: sheet-like removal of epidermis by gentle traction

TEST: (+) development of urticarial wheal after slight touching, stroking, or scratching

TEST: (+) pinpoint bleeding after removal of scale

Wood's Lamp: coral red

coin-shaped/discoid form of eczema; multiple, minute vesicles that become erythematous plaques; very pyritic; found in extremities

intermittent, chronic, severely pruritic, eczematous dermatitis w/ scaly erythematous patches, vesiculation, crusting, fissuring; antecubital & popliteal areas

maculopapular rash <3 days;
associated photophobia, post-auricular or occipital lymphadenopathy

painful ulcer-like lesions of mouth; palms & soles have similar lesions; affect children

vesicle w/ erythematous base on one side of trunk; after 3 days, umbilicated lesions w/ subsecondary lesion w/ pus; after 1wk: scab/crust

scaly lesions on palms and soles
(looks similar to pityriasis rosea)

herald patch; Christmas tree or fir tree pattern after 5d

more dirty looking than alopecia; usually seen in children

bumpy, wet lesion
(complicated tinea capitis)

Wood's Lamp: copper or orange

TEST: pressing microscopic slide to test for blanching