Jake Anderson
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Pulmonary Pretest (Paramedic care and Principles: 5th Edition chapter Pretest)

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Pulmonary Pretest (Paramedic care and Principles: 5th Edition chapter Pretest)

Questão 1 de 18

1

Which of the following findings for a patient complaining of dyspnea is of greatest​ concern?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Stridor on inspiration

  • Pulse ox of 95 percent

  • Normoresonance on the left side

  • ETCO Subscript 2 of 37 mmHg

Explicação

Questão 2 de 18

1

The initial phase of an asthma reaction​ includes:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • an increase in vital capacity and hypercarbia.

  • pharynx edema and hypotension.

  • contraction of the bronchial smooth muscle and leakage of fluid from peribronchial capillaries.

  • increased mucus production and tachycardia.

Explicação

Questão 3 de 18

1

What is the sensation felt by placing a hand on the chest that vibrates during​ speech?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Percussion

  • Crepitus

  • Tactile fremitus

  • Bruit

Explicação

Questão 4 de 18

1

Why is the use of Lasix or nitroglycerin often of no benefit to the patient suffering from noncardiogenic pulmonary edema​ (ARDS)?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Because the reason for the pulmonary edema is not related to the cardiac pump​ (left ventricle)

  • Because ARDS depresses the blood pressure and makes either drug contraindicated

  • Because the patient with ARDS often has renal and cardiac complications that render both drugs ineffective

  • Because ARDS is often​ fatal, and no intervention has been shown to be beneficial

Explicação

Questão 5 de 18

1

The primary​ muscles, along with the abdominal​ muscles, used in periods of heavy respiratory demand are the

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • sternocleidomastoid and scalene muscles.

  • pectoral major and masseter muscles.

  • anconeus and trapezius muscles.

  • latissimus dorsi and soleus muscles.

Explicação

Questão 6 de 18

1

Found where the trachea divides into the left and right mainstem​ bronchi, stimulation of the​ _____ can result in violent coughing

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Diaphragm

  • Turbinates

  • Carina

  • ​Kiesselbach's plexus

Explicação

Questão 7 de 18

1

Risk factors for pneumonia​ include:

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Age and​ immuno-compromising diseases

  • Cardiac output and environmental exposure

  • Exposure to hot temperatures and drug abuse

  • Altered mental status and poor vital signs

Explicação

Questão 8 de 18

1

What is the underlying pathophysiological change to the lungs that causes the patient to develop adult respiratory distress syndrome​ (ARDS)?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Increased fluid accumulation in the perialveolar interstitial spaces

  • Increased surfactant production that thickens the alveolar wall

  • Increased lung resistance due to overwhelming bronchoconstriction

  • Increased pulmonary vein pressure from a failing left ventricle

Explicação

Questão 9 de 18

1

Which of the following patients display findings of respiratory​ failure?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Respiratory rate of​ 32/min, ETCO Subscript 2 of 50​ mmHg, intercostal retractions are​ noted, and tachycardia

  • Peripheral​ cyanosis, expiratory​ wheezing, respiratory rate of​ 26/min

  • Central​ cyanosis, 1-2 word​ dyspnea, pulse ox of 84 percent

  • Absent alveolar breath sounds to left apical​ zone, pulse ox of 93​ percent, minor confusion

Explicação

Questão 10 de 18

1

What is the underlying pathology of a patient with an upper respiratory​ infection?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Inflammation of upper airway structures from a virus or bacteria

  • Swelling to the bronchioles with diminished alveolar sounds

  • Infections to the upper airway structures from chronic bronchitis

  • Exposure to toxic fumes causing irritation to the​ mouth, nose, and trachea

Explicação

Questão 11 de 18

1

A patient in your care is coughing up blood. This is documented as which of the​ following?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Hyperoxia

  • Hemopoiesis

  • Hyperpnea

  • Hemoptysis

Explicação

Questão 12 de 18

1

When the walls of the alveoli and small bronchioles are​ destroyed, as occurs in​ emphysema, vital capacity remains relatively the same while what​ increases?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Forced expiratory volume

  • Anatomical dead space

  • Residual volume

  • Inspiratory reserve volume

Explicação

Questão 13 de 18

1

What is the type of respiratory problem that occurs when the patient develops an infectious process in one part of a lung that continues to spread throughout adjacent​ alveoli, which ultimately decreases ventilation and​ oxygenation?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Emphysema

  • Lower airway obstruction

  • Acute respiratory distress syndrome

  • Pneumonia

Explicação

Questão 14 de 18

1

A patient with an airway obstruction between which two anatomical points will be unable to ventilate at​ all?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Right mainstem and alveoli

  • Glottis opening and carina

  • Nasopharynx and oropharynx

  • None of the above

Explicação

Questão 15 de 18

1

Along with cigarette​ smoking, exposure to​ asbestos, hydrocarbons,​ radiation, and fumes from metal production have been associated risk factors for what lung​ disease?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Tension pneumothorax

  • Hyperventilation

  • Congestive heart failure

  • Cancer

Explicação

Questão 16 de 18

1

A​ 20-year-old male runner comes up to you at the finish line of a cross country meet and says he​ "can't breathe." Physical exam reveals a​ 6'5", very thin male with​ acute, sharp pleuritic chest​ pain, and pale and diminished lung sounds are auscultated in the apex area of the right lung. What has likely happened to​ him?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • The hilum of the right lung has ruptured.

  • The patient has had an acute loss of surfactant production.

  • Air has entered in between the visceral and parietal pleura.
    Your answer is correct.D.

  • Blood has entered in between the visceral and parietal pleura.

Explicação

Questão 17 de 18

1

You are called to the home of a patient with a neuromuscular disease that has left him dependent on mechanical ventilation through a stoma for survival. The family summoned EMS due to the ventilator alarming​ "low minute​ ventilation." What should the paramedic do regarding management of this​ patient?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Suction out the stoma and reattach the ventilator

  • Assure the stoma is patent and begin ventilations with a​ bag-valve-mask (BVM)

  • Perform an RSI procedure and intubate the patient around the stoma tube

  • Remove the ventilator and allow the patient to breathe on his own

Explicação

Questão 18 de 18

1

Your patient is a thin​ 59-year-old male in respiratory distress. He presents in a tripod position and appears to be working to​ breathe, pursing his lips. He is on home oxygen at 2 Lpm via nasal cannula and takes Atrovent and Proventil as his medications. You immediately notice his​ barrel-chested appearance, increased​ anterior/posterior chest diameter and pink complexion. Most​ likely, this patient suffers from which of the​ following?

Selecione uma das seguintes:

  • Chronic bronchitis

  • Emphysema

  • ARDS

  • Pneumonia

Explicação