Quiz
Pulmonary Pretest (Paramedic care and Principles: 5th Edition chapter Pretest)
Questions in this quiz (18)
1Which of the following findings for a patient complaining of dyspnea is of greatest concern?
- AStridor on inspiration
- BPulse ox of 95 percent
- CNormoresonance on the left side
- DETCO Subscript 2 of 37 mmHg
2The initial phase of an asthma reaction includes:
- Aan increase in vital capacity and hypercarbia.
- Bpharynx edema and hypotension.
- Ccontraction of the bronchial smooth muscle and leakage of fluid from peribronchial capillaries.
- Dincreased mucus production and tachycardia.
3What is the sensation felt by placing a hand on the chest that vibrates during speech?
- APercussion
- BCrepitus
- CTactile fremitus
- DBruit
4Why is the use of Lasix or nitroglycerin often of no benefit to the patient suffering from noncardiogenic pulmonary edema (ARDS)?
- ABecause the reason for the pulmonary edema is not related to the cardiac pump (left ventricle)
- BBecause ARDS depresses the blood pressure and makes either drug contraindicated
- CBecause the patient with ARDS often has renal and cardiac complications that render both drugs ineffective
- DBecause ARDS is often fatal, and no intervention has been shown to be beneficial
5The primary muscles, along with the abdominal muscles, used in periods of heavy respiratory demand are the
- Asternocleidomastoid and scalene muscles.
- Bpectoral major and masseter muscles.
- Canconeus and trapezius muscles.
- Dlatissimus dorsi and soleus muscles.
6Found where the trachea divides into the left and right mainstem bronchi, stimulation of the _____ can result in violent coughing
- ADiaphragm
- BTurbinates
- CCarina
- DKiesselbach's plexus
7Risk factors for pneumonia include:
- AAge and immuno-compromising diseases
- BCardiac output and environmental exposure
- CExposure to hot temperatures and drug abuse
- DAltered mental status and poor vital signs
8What is the underlying pathophysiological change to the lungs that causes the patient to develop adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)?
- AIncreased fluid accumulation in the perialveolar interstitial spaces
- BIncreased surfactant production that thickens the alveolar wall
- CIncreased lung resistance due to overwhelming bronchoconstriction
- DIncreased pulmonary vein pressure from a failing left ventricle
9Which of the following patients display findings of respiratory failure?
- ARespiratory rate of 32/min, ETCO Subscript 2 of 50 mmHg, intercostal retractions are noted, and tachycardia
- BPeripheral cyanosis, expiratory wheezing, respiratory rate of 26/min
- CCentral cyanosis, 1-2 word dyspnea, pulse ox of 84 percent
- DAbsent alveolar breath sounds to left apical zone, pulse ox of 93 percent, minor confusion
10What is the underlying pathology of a patient with an upper respiratory infection?
- AInflammation of upper airway structures from a virus or bacteria
- BSwelling to the bronchioles with diminished alveolar sounds
- CInfections to the upper airway structures from chronic bronchitis
- DExposure to toxic fumes causing irritation to the mouth, nose, and trachea
11A patient in your care is coughing up blood. This is documented as which of the following?
- AHyperoxia
- BHemopoiesis
- CHyperpnea
- DHemoptysis
12When the walls of the alveoli and small bronchioles are destroyed, as occurs in emphysema, vital capacity remains relatively the same while what increases?
- AForced expiratory volume
- BAnatomical dead space
- CResidual volume
- DInspiratory reserve volume
13What is the type of respiratory problem that occurs when the patient develops an infectious process in one part of a lung that continues to spread throughout adjacent alveoli, which ultimately decreases ventilation and oxygenation?
- AEmphysema
- BLower airway obstruction
- CAcute respiratory distress syndrome
- DPneumonia
14A patient with an airway obstruction between which two anatomical points will be unable to ventilate at all?
- ARight mainstem and alveoli
- BGlottis opening and carina
- CNasopharynx and oropharynx
- DNone of the above
15Along with cigarette smoking, exposure to asbestos, hydrocarbons, radiation, and fumes from metal production have been associated risk factors for what lung disease?
- ATension pneumothorax
- BHyperventilation
- CCongestive heart failure
- DCancer
16A 20-year-old male runner comes up to you at the finish line of a cross country meet and says he "can't breathe." Physical exam reveals a 6'5", very thin male with acute, sharp pleuritic chest pain, and pale and diminished lung sounds are auscultated in the apex area of the right lung. What has likely happened to him?
- AThe hilum of the right lung has ruptured.
- BThe patient has had an acute loss of surfactant production.
- CAir has entered in between the visceral and parietal pleura.
Your answer is correct.D. - DBlood has entered in between the visceral and parietal pleura.
17You are called to the home of a patient with a neuromuscular disease that has left him dependent on mechanical ventilation through a stoma for survival. The family summoned EMS due to the ventilator alarming "low minute ventilation." What should the paramedic do regarding management of this patient?
- ASuction out the stoma and reattach the ventilator
- BAssure the stoma is patent and begin ventilations with a bag-valve-mask (BVM)
- CPerform an RSI procedure and intubate the patient around the stoma tube
- DRemove the ventilator and allow the patient to breathe on his own
18Your patient is a thin 59-year-old male in respiratory distress. He presents in a tripod position and appears to be working to breathe, pursing his lips. He is on home oxygen at 2 Lpm via nasal cannula and takes Atrovent and Proventil as his medications. You immediately notice his barrel-chested appearance, increased anterior/posterior chest diameter and pink complexion. Most likely, this patient suffers from which of the following?
- AChronic bronchitis
- BEmphysema
- CARDS
- DPneumonia
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- Pulmonary Pretest (Paramedic care and Principles: 5th Edition chapter Pretest)
- Author
- Jake Anderson
- Language
- English
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