words to an essay

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Upon:

On /sobre/.

ej: Upon her ​head she

​wore a

​black ​velvet ​hat.

You can never

​place enough ​emphasis upon the ​importance of ​safety.

Upon ​your ​arrival (= as ​soon as

you ​arrive), ​please ​report to

the ​reception ​desk.

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Remain:

to be left /quedar/

ej: Only two tins of soup remain

Very little remained of the cinema after the fire

A great many things still remain to be done.

to stay; not to leave /permanecer, quedarse/

ej: I shall remain here.

to continue to be /permanecer, continuar/

ej: The problem remains unsolved.

- remains noun

plural what is left after part has been taken away, eaten, destroyed etc /restos/ ej: the remains of

a meal.

a dead body /restos/

ej: How did the killer dispose of the victim’s remains?

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Alike: like one another; similar /parecido/

ej: Twins are often very alike.

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Rather: ​quite;

to a ​slight ​degree.

ej: It's

rather ​cold today, isn't it?

more ​accurately; more ​exactly.

ej: She'll ​fly to

California on ​Thursday, or rather,

she will if she has to.

used to ​express an ​opposite ​opinion.

ej: No, I'm not ​tired. Rather the ​opposite in ​fact.

*In fact: /de hecho/

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however: ​despite whatever ​amount or

​degree.

ej: However ​hungry I

am, I never ​seem to be ​able to

​finish off a ​whole​pizza.

If Emma ​likes something

she'll ​buy it however much it ​costs.

In whatever way.

ej: However you ​look at

it, it's still a ​mess.

​Despite this.

ej: This is one ​possible ​solution to the ​problem. However, there are ​others.

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indeed: really; in fact; as you say; of course etc /en efecto, ciertamente/

ej: ’He’s very talented, isn’t he?’ He is indeed’

Do you remember your grandmother?’ ’Indeed I do!’

used for emphasis /realmente; efectivamente, claro/

ej: Thank you very

much indeed

He is very clever indeed.

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thus: (referring to something

mentioned immediately before or after) in this or

that way or manner /así/

ej: He spoke thus

Thus, he was able to finish the work quickly.

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nevertheless: in spite of that /sin embargo, no obstante, aún así/

ej: I am feeling ill, but I shall come with you nevertheless.

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instead: as a substitute; in place of something or someone /en su lugar, en cambio/

ej: I don’t

like coffee. Could I please have tea instead?

instead of in place of /en vez de/

ej: Please take me instead of him

You should have been working instead of

watching television.

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furthermore: in addition (to what has been said) /además/

ej: Furthermore, I should like to point out that we have an urgent deadline to meet.

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Besides: by the side of or near /junto a, al lado de/

ej: Colin was standing beside the window

She sat beside her sister.

compared with /al lado de/

ej: She looks short beside her sister.

besides preposition› in addition to /aparte de, además de/

ej: Is anyone coming besides John?

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Therefore: for that ​reason.

ej: We were ​unable to

get ​funding and therefore had to ​abandon the ​project.

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a) Besides: Además

Es de carácter informal. Se debe utilizar cuando el contenido de las oraciones incluye razones o explicaciones.

Ej: Claire was not ready to look for a job yet; besides she wanted to start a research about penguins. Claire no estaba preparada para buscar un trabajo todavía, además quería empezar una investigación acerca de pingüinos.

b) Moreover: Además

Su carácter es formal y se puede utilizar tanto en el lenguaje hablado como en el escrito. Lo utilizamos cuando la nueva idea que vamos a añadir contiene información más relevante que la que ya se ha dado.

Ej: Sarah works very hard; moreover, she does a very good job. Sara trabajo muy duro; además hace un buen trabajo.

c) Furthermore: Además.

De carácter formal y de uso literario en la mayoría de los casos. Seguimos las mismas reglas de uso que para moreover.

Ej: Furthermore, the new security measures will be implemented soon. Además, las medidas de seguridad serán implementadas pronto.

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PHRASAL VERBS

Run out of: have none left.

ex. We've RUN OUT OF sugar; I'm going to the shops for some.

Breakdown: Stop working.

ex. My car's BROKEN DOWN, so I came by taxi.

Make out: Be able to see or hear something.

ex. Can you MAKE OUT what she's saying?

Put out: Extinguish a cigarette, fire, etc.

ex. He PUT OUT his cigarette before entering the building.

Put up: Allow someone to stay at your house for a night or a few days.

ex. She PUT me UP for the night because I'd missed the last bus and there were no night buses running.

Cost up: Calculate how expensive some work is going to be.

ex. The decorators are going to COST UP the work tomorrow.

Hand down: Pass on to the next generation.

ex. The jewellery has been HANDED DOWN in my family for generations.

Drop by: Pay a brief visit.

ex. He DROPPED BY on his way home from work.

Break into: Go into a building to steal something.

ex. The burglars BROKE INTO and stole the TV and video.

Bring about: Make something happen.

ex. The outbreak of disease was BROUGHT ABOUT by poor sanitary conditions.

Carry out: Perform a task.

ex. The government CARRIED OUT horrific experiments on prisoners in the 1950s.

Grow up: Mature, become adult.

ex. Nanci Griffith GREW UP in Austin, Texas.

Pull down: Demolish.

ex. The local council PULLED DOWN the old cinema.

Put off: Postpone.

ex. Don't PUT OFF til tomorrow what you can get done today.

Set up: Start a company.

ex. The Body Shop was SET UP in 1976 by the late Dame Anita Roddick.

Turn into: Become.

ex. What was initially a great success, TURNED INTO a real disaster.

To fall through: To cancel a plan.

ex. We were going to Cuenca for the weekend but the plan FELL THROUGH at the last moment.

To fall out (with sb/over sth): Have a fight.

ex. They haven't spoken to each other for 3 years. They FELL OUT over money.

To find out: Discover.

ex. I need to FIND OUT about flights to Lisbon.

To get on (with): Have good relations.

ex. I GET ON WITH my boss. I've no problems here.

To get rid of: Dispose of.

ex. We have to GET RID OF that smelly old sofa.

To look forward to: Can't wait.

ex. I'm really LOOKING FORWARD TO my holiday in Menorca.

To put up with: Endure.

ex. "I can't stand my husband's mother, but I can't complain. I only have to PUT UP WITH her two or three times a year.

To run out: Finish.

ex. Damn. My pen's RUN OUT. Can you lend me yours?

To show off: Try to impress.

ex. Look. There's Andy. He's SHOWING OFF in his new sports car. Idiot.

To sort out: Resolve.

ex. This is a problem we need to SORT OUT as soon as possible.

To take off: Leave the ground.

ex. What time does your plane TAKE OFF?

To take up: Start a hobby.

ex. She first TOOK UP ballet when she was six.

PREPOSITIONS

terrified OF/ think ABOUT/ apart FROM/ except FOR/ sympathetic TO

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- Injure: Herir accidentalmente. Ej: He injured his leg in the accident.

- Damage: Daño más material, como de pérdida de valor. Ej: The storm damaged the house really badly.

- Wound: Herida de arma. Ej: Guns wound and kill thousands of people every year.

- Hurt: Sentimientos, hacerse daño o doler (Ej:I hurt my leg while I was playing football - My leg hurts.)...