Label these lymph nodes and associated structures. There are 11 sets/specific lymph nodes altogether.
Complete the table outlining lymphatic drainage of the head and neck.
Label this diagram of the larynx from a lateral view.
Label these diagrams of the larynx from an anterior and posterior view.
What is the function of the cricothyroid muscle?
Contraction causes higher frequency vibration of the vocal fold - therefore increases pitch
Contraction causes higher frequency vibration of the vocal fold - therefore decreases pitch
Contraction causes lower frequency vibration of the vocal fold - therefore increases pitch
Contraction causes lower frequency vibration of the vocal fold - therefore decreases pitch
Where is an emergency tracheotomy carried out?
Cricothyroid ligament
1st tracheal rings
Region of 2/3/4 tracheal rings
Above the sternum
What are the 3 paired cartilages in the larynx?
1. cartilages 2. cartilages 3. cartilages
At what (spinal) level is the larynx located?
C4-6
C2-4
C4-8
C2-6
C6-8
What is the space between the ventricular folds of the larynx called?
Rima vestibuli
Rima glottidis
Laryngeal isthmus
Ventricular isthmus
Rima ventriculi
What is the space between the vocal folds in the larynx called?
Vocal isthmus
What sort of epithelium does the larynx have above the vocal folds?
Non-keratinised stratified squamous
Keratinised stratified squamous
Pseudostratified ciliated columnar
Pseudostratified ciliated cuboidal
Simple squamous
What sort of epithelium does the larynx have below the vocal folds?
Simple ciliated columnar
Stratified ciliated columnar
Simple ciliated cuboidal
What is the motor innervation of the majority of the intrinsic laryngeal muscles?
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
External laryngeal nerve
Internal laryngeal nerve
Superior laryngeal nerve
Inferior laryngeal nerve
What is the only instrinsic laryngeal muscle that is NOT innervated by the recurrent laryngeal nerve?
Cricothyroid m.
Cricoarytenoid mm.
Transverse arytenoid mm.
Oblique arytenoid mm.
Thyroarytenoid mm.
What is the sensory innervation of the laryngeal cavity above the vocal folds?
What is the sensory innervation of the laryngeal cavity BELOW the vocal folds?
Describe the blood supply of the larynx.
1. (branch of superior thyroid artery) 2. (branch of inferior thyroid artery)
Describe the venous drainage of the larynx.
1. (drain into the internal jugular vein) 2. (drain into the left brachiocephalic vein)
Which lymph nodes are responsible for draining the larynx?
Deep cervical lymph nodes
Superficial cervical lymph nodes
Jugulo-omohyoid node
Submandibular lymph nodes
Supraclavicular lymph nodes
What are the 4 extrinsic tongue muscles?
1. muscle 2. muscle 3. muscle 4. muscle
Which of the following is the only one not innervated by the hypoglossal nerve?
Palatoglossus muscle
Styloglossus muscle
Hyoglossus muscle
Genioglossus muscle
Intrinsic tongue muscles
Which nerve innervates the palatoglossus muscle?
Vagus nerve
Hypoglossal nerve
Glossopharyngeal nerve
Facial nerve
What are the 4 intrinsic muscles of the tongue?
1. 2. 3. 4.
What are the 4 types of papillae on the tongue?
1. papillae 2. papillae 3. papillae 4. papillae
Which of the veins draining the tongue runs deep to the hyoglossus muscle?
Dorsal lingual vein
Deep lingual vein
What is the sensory function of the glossopharyngeal nerve in the tongue?
Taste in the posterior 1/3
Taste in the anterior 2/3
General sensation in anterior 2/3; rest of mouth
What is the sensory function of the lingual nerve?
Taste from posterior 1/3
Taste from anterior 2/3
What is the sensory function of the facial nerve in the tongue?
General sensation from anterior 2/3; rest of mouth
Which nerve gives off the lingual nerve, which supplies the tongue?
Maxillary branch of trigeminal n. (V2)
Mandibular branch of trigeminal n. (V3)
Ophthalmic branch of trigeminal n. (V1)
Glossopharyngeal n.
Hypoglossal n.
Describe the 2 stages of oral cancer.
1. Benign a) b)
2.
What are the 5 stages of oral cancer development?
1. Normal 2. Hyperplasia/ 3. 4. 5. Squamous cell carcinoma
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