1.3 Continental Drift

faults displace mid-ocean ridges.
They form to the axial rift.

Seismic has been used to provide evidence for mantle plumes and hot spots by taking images of heat flow to show areas of heat flow compared to cooler ones.

How does a chain of islands and seamounts develop over a hotspot?
Rising magma creates an .
The plate moves over the .
The mantle plume is .
Older islands and are eroded.

Using the fit of Africa and S. America describe the evidence for the movements of continents over time.

Fit of the
- Fit along edge of continental .
- Few due to younger rock deposited.
- Few gaps due to .

Rock types
- Matching sequences across the join of the continents
- Same age of rocks across the
eg. Precambrian - cratons
eg. Carboniferous -

Mountain chains
- Same trend of mountain across the join of the continents
- structures such as folds / faults match up
- same rock types in the mountain belt across the join
- same of mountains across the join

Fossils
- outcrops of fossils match up / same fossils on different continents
- fossils that could not have crossed an ocean the same on both continents
eg reptile -
eg plants -
Glaciations
- direction of shows movement of ice and the striations match up
- glacial can be found on both continents
- glacial rocks match up across the join
- Carboniferous ice can be seen across Africa and South America

Fossils found in Africa and S. America used as evidence for continental drift:
Reptile =
Plant =

Give examples of the different types of plate margins:
Divergent:
Oceanic-Continental Convergent: and
Continental-Continental Convergent: and
Oceanic-Oceanic Convergent: (subducting) and
Conservative: and