What are the four parts of the lower limb?
Define each part.

What are three main differences between the lower and upper limbs?

Describe where the line of gravity is positioned relative to the lower limb.

What bones make up the pelvic girdle?

What are the three main functions of the pelvic girdle?

What are three main differences between the shoulder girdle and the pelvic girdle?

What bones make up the hip bone?

What is the acetabulum?

How do male and female hip bones differ?

What is the obturator foramen?

What is the function of the ischium?

1. What type of joint is the pubic symphysis?

2. What bones are articulating at this joint?

3. Describe the stability of this joint.

1. What type of joint is the sacroiliac joint?

2. What bones are articulating at this joint?

3. Describe the stability of this joint.

What joints are loosened allowing more mobility during pregnancy?

1. What type of joint is the hip joint?

2. What bones are articulating at this joint?

3. Describe the stability of this joint

Identify and describe three main stabilising factors that allow the increased stability of the hip joint.

Identify the three ligaments that support the hip joint.

1. Where is the iliofemoral ligament located at the hip joint?

2. What attachments does it have?

3. What function does it serve?

1. Where is the ischiofemoral ligament and the pubofemoral ligament located at the hip joint?

2. What attachments does each ligament have?

What are two common injuries of the hip joint?

1. What type of bone is the femur?

2. How is the femur oriented?

3. How does this differ for males and females?

What is the trabecular system of the femur?

1. What type of bone is the patella?

2. Where is it located?

3. What function does it serve?

1. What is special about the knee joint?

2. What bones articulate at this joint?

1. What type of joint is the tibiofemoral joint?

2. Describe the stability of this joint.

1. What are the two menisci that support the knee joint?

2. Where are they located and where do they attach?

1. Describe the structure of the menisci of the knee joint.

2. What function do they serve?

1. What type of ligaments are the cruciate ligaments of the knee joint?

2. Identify the two cruciate ligaments?

3. In what plane do they provide support?

Describe the location and function of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)

Describe the location and function of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)

. 1. What type of ligaments are the collateral ligaments of the knee joint?

2. Identify the two collateral ligaments?

3. In what plane do they provide support?

Describe the structure and location of the medial collateral ligament (MCL).

Describe the structure and location of the lateral collateral ligament (LCL).

What is the function of the two collateral ligaments of the knee joint?

What are bursae?

Describe the 'unhappy triad' injury

Identify and describe the location and function of the bones of the leg.