Types of chemical bonding: covalent, ionic, metallic

Covalent bonding

• Definition
• formed when atoms share electrons to gain a full outer shell.
• Properties
• - Low melting and boiling points.
• - Insulator
• -Brittle (easy to break)
• - Poor electrical and thermal conductivity.

Giant covalent bonding

• Definition
• A giant structure (or lattice) of million of atoms, all held together by covalent bonds.
• Properties
• -High melting and boiling points.
• -Variable conductivity.

Ionic bonding

• Definition
• -formed when an atom donates or accepts electrons to make a full outer shell.
• Properties
• -High melting and boiling points.
• -Very brittle
• -Solubility (สามารถละลายน้ำ)
• -Electrical conductivity

Metallic bonding

• Definition
• Force of attraction between valence electrons and the metal ion.
• Properties
• -High melting and boiling points.
• - strong
• -Malleable (easy to bend)
• -Ductile (soft)