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Psych final study guide
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Perguntas do quiz (55)
1Psychologists define stress as
- Athe experience of realistic anxiety
- Bthe process by which we appraise and respond to threatening or challenging events.
- Can attempt to reach some important goal.
- Dphysical, emotional, or mental exhaustion.
2While taking a difficult test, Cindy's muscles tense and her heart pounds. These physiological responses best illustrate
- Astressors
- Bstress reactions
- Cstress appraisal
- Demotion-focused coping
3Walter Cannon observed that a variety of stressors trigger
- Abiofeedback
- Blowered blood sugar levels
- Ca flight-or-flight reaction
- Dan increase in the release of lymphocytes
4As you are waiting to be interviewed for a job, your heart rate, body temperature, and breathing rate begin to increase. These physiological changes are produced by activation of the ________ nervous system.
- Aparasympathetic
- Bsymphatetic
- Csomatic
- Dcentral
5The general adaptation syndrome describes stages in the
- Aproduction of endorphins.
- Bbody's response to aerobic exercise.
- Cbody's response to prolonged stress.
- Dprocess of biofeedback.
6The third phase of the general adaptation syndrome is characterized by
- Aresistance
- Bexhaustion
- Can alarm reaction
- Da tend-and-befriend response
7The subfield of psychology that provides psychology's contribution to the prevention and treatment of illness is known as
- Amedical psychology.
- Bhealth psychology.
- Cpositive psychology
- Dpsychobiology
8The study of how psychological, neural, and endocrine processes combine to affect our immune system and health is called
- Aevolutionary psychology.
- Bpositive psychology.
- Ccognitive psychology.
- Dpsychoneuroimmunology.
9Lymphocytes are
- Aharmful agents such as chemicals and viruses that cross the placenta from mother to fetus.
- Bstress hormones produced by the sympathetic nervous system.
- Ccancer cells that form in the lymph glands.
- Dwhite blood cells that are part of the body's immune system.
10Catharsis refers to the process of
- Aventing pent-up emotions.
- Bappraising stressors as challenges.
- Cbonding with and seeking support from others.
- Dmeditating in order to facilitate religious engagement.
11To alleviate the stress he feels after failing a college course, Jeremy seeks social support from his friends and family. Jeremy's behavior best illustrates
- Aa Type A personality.
- Ba Type B personality.
- Cproblem-focused coping.
- Demotion-focused coping.
12After experiencing inescapable brutalities as a prisoner in a Nazi concentration camp, Mr. Sternberg became apathetic, stopped eating, and gave up all efforts to physically survive the ordeal. Mr. Sternberg's reaction most clearly illustrates
- Aa Type A personality.
- Bthe adaptation-level phenomenon.
- Clearned helplessness.
- Dan internal locus of control.
1313. The perception that our fate is determined by chance events is most closely associated with
- Atype A personality
- Bthe flight-or-flight response
- Can external locus of control
- Dthe general adaption syndrome
14Those who perceive an internal locus of control believe that
- Aworld events are largely controlled by a few powerful people.
- Ban excess of personal freedom decreases life satisfaction.
- Cindividuals can influence their own outcomes in life.
- Dself-control grows permanently weaker with exercise.
15During the first few weeks of law school, students were observed to have stronger immune systems if they
- Alacked NK cells
- Bwere optimistic
- Chad high blood sugar levels
- Dutilized biofeedback
16Compared with the unmarried, people in low-conflict marriages are more likely to
- Alive longer
- Bengage in stress appraisal
- Cexperience elevated blood sugar
- Ddisplay a general adaption syndrom
17Which of the following is most likely to foster stronger immune functioning?
- Acarcinogens
- Bsocial support
- Ca type A personality
- Dreduced lymphocyte levels
18Activities such as jogging or swimming are forms of
- Astress appraisal
- Brelaxation
- Caerobic exercise
- Dbiofeedback
19Aerobic exercise has been most closely linked to a decrease in
- Athe release of lymhocytes
- Bdepression
- Cproblem-focused coping
- Dthe production of endorphins
20A psychologist would most likely use biofeedback to provide clients with information about their
- Abody weight
- Bblood type
- Cmuscle tension
- Dgenetic makeup
21Mindfulness meditation has been shown to reduce
- Aarthritis
- Banxiety
- Cneurogenesis
- Dan internal locus of control
22Subjective well-being refers to
- Aempathy
- Brelative deprivation
- Cself-perceived happiness
- Demotional-focused coping
23The study of positive emotions, desirable character traits, and enabling institutions is central to the emerging subfield known as
- Apsychoneuroimmunology.
- Bbehavioral medicine.
- Cpositive psychology.
- Dhealth psychology.
24Significant dysfunction in a person's thoughts, feelings, or behaviors is most clearly an indication of
- Aanxiety
- Ba psychosis
- Clearned helplessness
- Da psychological disorder
25Alexis is socially withdrawn and has few close friends. This behavior is most likely to be diagnosed as a symptom of psychological disorder if it is
- Aalso noticeable in other members of her family.
- Bpreventing her from functioning effectively.
- Cnot caused by a biological disorder.
- Ddifficult for her to change.
26According to the medical model, psychological disorders are
- Asicknesses that need to be diagnosed and in most cases cured.
- Bmaladaptive responses to a troubling environment.
- Cpurely imaginary symptoms of distress.
- Dlearned habits that need to be extinguished.
27The interaction of genetic predispositions, mental processes, and cultural circumstances is most clearly emphasized by the
- ADSM-5.
- Bmedical model
- Cpsychotic perspective
- Dbiopsychological approach
28Professor McIntosh emphasizes that depression often involves the interactive influences of self-focused rumination, rejection from others, and low serotonin levels. The professor's emphasis best illustrates
- Athe medical model.
- Bthe psychoanalytic perspective.
- Clinkage analysis.
- Da biopsychosocial approach.
29The DSM-5 is most clearly designed to ________ psychological disorders.
- Aexplain
- Bclassify
- Ccure
- Dprevent
30A fundamental problem with the diagnostic labeling of psychologically disordered behaviors is that the labels often
- Abias our perceptions of the labeled person.
- Brepresent attempts by psychologists to explain behavior by simply naming it.
- Cinterfere with effective research on the causes of these disorders.
- Dinterfere with effective treatment of these disorders.
31David Rosenham and his fellow researchers were admitted as patients into various hospitals after they falsely complained of auditory hallucinations. After hospital clinicians analyzed these patients' quite normal life histories
- Athe patients were typically discharged from the hospital in less than a day after admission.
- Bthe clinicians refused to prescribe any medications for these patients.
- Cthe patients actually began to experience auditory hallucinations.
- Dthe clinicians identified patient life history dynamics contributing to a psychological disorder.
32Rishi, a college student, complains that he feels apprehensive and fearful most of the time but doesn't know why. Without warning, his heart begins to pound, his hands get icy, and he breaks out in a cold sweat. Rishi most likely suffers from
- Abipolar disorder
- Bobsessive-compulsive disorder
- Cgeneralized anxiety disorder
- Da phobia
33While he was studying, Matthew was suddenly overwhelmed by feelings of intense apprehension. For several minutes he felt so agitated that he could not catch his breath. Matthew was most likely suffering from
- Abipolar disorder
- Ba panic attack
- Cobsessive-compulsive disorder
- Da delusion
3434. Kaylee is so afraid of spiders and insects that she avoids most outdoor activities and even refuses to go to the basement of her own house alone. Kaylee appears to suffer from
- Aobsessive-compulsive disorder
- Bhistrionic personality disorder
- Cbipolar disorder
- Da phobia
35An incapacitating and highly distressing fear about being embarrassed in the presence of others is most characteristic of
- Apanic disorder
- Bsocial anxiety disorder
- Cantisocial personality disorder.
- Dobsessive-compulsive disorder.
36Sadie is so fearful of being overwhelmed by anxiety that she rarely steps outside her apartment. The thought of going shopping and getting lost in a crowd terrifies her, so she has her groceries delivered. Because of her fear, she earns her living as a freelance writer, working at home. Sadie's behavior is most characteristic of
- Aagoraphobia
- Bgeneralized anxiety disorder
- Cantisocial personality disorder
- Dobsessive-compulsive disorder
37Cecil is preoccupied with thoughts of jumping out the window of his tenth-floor apartment. To reduce his anxiety, he frequently counts his heartbeats aloud. Cecil would most likely be diagnosed as experiencing
- Apanic disorder
- Bbipolar disorder
- Cgeneralized anxiety disorder
- Dobsessive-compulsive disorder
38Obsessions are
- Apersistent, irrational fears of specific objects, activities, or situations.
- Bfalse beliefs of persecution or grandeur.
- Cperiodic episodes of intense dread accompanied by frightening physical sensations.
- Doffensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person.
39Two years after being brutally beaten and raped, Brianna still experiences jumpy anxiety and has trouble sleeping and vivid flashbacks of her assault. Brianna is most clearly showing signs of
- Apanic disorder
- Bpost traumatic stress disorder
- Cgeneralized anxiety disorder
- Dsocial anxiety disorder
40Rats that received unpredictable electric shocks in a laboratory experiment subsequently became apprehensive when returned to that same laboratory setting. This best illustrates that anxiety disorders may result from
- Asimulus generalization
- Bobservational learning
- Creinforcement
- Dclassical conditioning
4141. Compulsive hand washing often increases in frequency because it relieves feelings of anxiety. This best illustrates the impact of ________ on compulsive behaviors.
- Areinforcement
- Bdissociation
- Cobservation learning
- Dstimulus generalization
42A major depressive disorder is most likely to be characterized by
- Adelusions of persecution.
- Balternations between extreme hopelessness and unrealistic optimism.
- Ca persistent irrational fear of other people.
- Dfeelings of personal worthlessness.
43For the last month, Gabrielle has felt lethargic and has been unable to get out of bed in the morning. She has withdrawn from friends and family because she feels worthless and unlovable. Gabrielle is most likely suffering from
- Aagoraphobia
- Bmajor depressive disorder
- CPTSD
- Dantisocial personality disorder
44A disorder in which an individual is happy, hyperactive, and wildly optimistic with dangerously poor judgment being common, is known as
- Aparanoia
- Bmania
- Canorexia nervosa
- Dcatatonia
45In which disorder do people alternate between states of lethargic hopelessness and wild optimism?
- Apanic disorder
- Bbipolar disorder
- Cobsessive-compulsive disorder
- Dschizophrenia
46Abnormally low levels of the neurotransmitter serotonin are associated with
- Apanic attacks
- Bschizophrenia
- Cdepression
- Ddissociative disorder
47Compared with the general population, those who have suffered ________ have at least 5 times greater risk of suicide.
- Aobsessive-compulsive disorder
- Bdissociative identity disorder
- Cmajor depressive disorder
- Dpanic disorder
48Gaining relief from negative thoughts through the distraction of pain is one of the motives for
- AA) obsessive-compulsive disorder.
- BB) attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
- CC) posttraumatic stress disorder.
- DD) nonsuicidal self-injury.
49Schizophrenia is most likely to be characterized by
- Adisorganized and fragmented thinking.
- BB) a lack of guilt feelings.
- CC) alternations between extreme hopelessness and unrealistic optimism.
- Dperiodic intervals of uncontrollable violence.
5050. A disorder in which a person loses contact with reality and experiences irrational ideas and disordered perceptions is a
- Apsychosis
- Bdissociation
5151. Jabar, a 25-year-old auto mechanic, thinks he is Napoleon. He further believes he is being imprisoned against his will in the psychiatric hospital where his relatives have brought him for treatment. Jabar is most likely suffering from
- Aschizophrenia
- Bpanic disorder
5252. Flat affect and catatonia are symptoms most closely associated with
- Aschizophrenia
- Bbipolar disorder
53Although Mrs. Petrides, sometimes repetitiously shakes her head or waves her arms, she usually sits passively in a motionless stupor. She most likely suffers from
- Acatonia
- Bbipolar disorder
54Schizophrenia is associated with an excess of receptors for
- Adopamine
- Bnorepinephrine
55Research on the causes of schizophrenia strongly suggests that
- AA) there is a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia.
- BB) almost anybody will develop schizophrenia if exposed to extensive environmental stress.
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- Quiz sobre Psych final study guide, criado por Ashley Gilmore em 14-12-2017.
- Autor
- Ashley Gilmore
- Idioma
- English
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