13018106
Descrição
Quiz por Jennifer Gay, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Jennifer Gay
aproximadamente 6 anos atrás
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Questão 1
Responda
-
Learning disabilities
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Persistent, interfering inattention
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Persistent, interfering hyperactivity
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or impulsivity
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behavioral comorbidities
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childhood onset
Questão 2
Responda
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Intellectual disability
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reciprocal social communication
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early childhood onset
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repetitive or restrictive behavior
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behavioral comorbidities
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medical comorbidities
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genetic syndrome
Questão 3
Questão
What is true about the overlap of ADHD and ASD?
Responda
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30-80% of children with ASD also meet criteria for ADHD
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up to 25% of children with ADHD meet criteria for ASD
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ASD diagnosis "trumps" ADHD diagnosis
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Core features may "masquarade" as each other
Questão 4
Questão
Genetics account for 70-80% of the risk for ADHD.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 5
Questão
What genes have been linked to ADHD?
Responda
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Dopamin transporter gene (DAT)
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Dopamine D4 (DRD4)
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Dopamine D5 (DRD5)
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Dopamine D2 (DRD2)
Questão 6
Questão
What are possible prenatal etiologies for ADHD?
Responda
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maternal smoking/ETOH use
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premature birth
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total increased pregnancy complications
Questão 7
Questão
Which of the following are possible post-natal etiologies of ADHD?
Responda
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Malnutrition
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Head trauma
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Brain hypoxia
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Tumors
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Infection
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lead poisoning in preschool years
Questão 8
Questão
In MRI studieis, children and adolescents with ADHD exhibited [blank_start]delays[blank_end] in cortical maturation, prominent in the [blank_start]prefrontal[blank_end] regions. Approzimately a [blank_start]2-4[blank_end] year delay.
Responda
-
delays
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prefrontal
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2-4
Questão 9
Questão
Children and adults with ADHD have been found to have larger brain volume.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 10
Questão
What has been found with neuroimaging in ADHD?
Responda
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Lower overall brain volume
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Lower grey matter density
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White matter abnormalities
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Reduced cortical thickness
Questão 11
Questão
The [blank_start]frontal-limbic[blank_end] (reward) network is responsible for [blank_start]emotional dysregulation[blank_end], [blank_start]motivation[blank_end] deficits, [blank_start]hyperactivity[blank_end]-impulsivity, and proneness to [blank_start]aggression[blank_end].
Responda
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frontal-limbic
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emotional dysregulation
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motivation
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hyperactivity
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aggression
Questão 12
Questão
ASD is more prevalent in males at 4:1
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 13
Questão
Which of the following are possible etiologies of ASD?
Responda
-
parental age
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birth complications
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prenatal exposures to certain medications, infections
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immunizations
Questão 14
Questão
What structural changes have been found in an ASD brain?
Responda
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early overgrowth and amygdala enlargement
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early overgrowth and hippocampus enlargement
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early overgrowth of the PFC
Questão 15
Questão
What functional changes occur in the ASD brain?
Responda
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"social brain" and network connectivity
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neurotransmitter inhibition
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word finding difficulties
Questão 16
Questão
Regarding early brain overgrowth in Autism
Responda
-
a retrospective screening strategy measures an infants head before the age of 3
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a prospective screening strategy scans high risk infants and follows up with those that develop autism
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there is an abnormal cessation of growth later in childhood
Questão 17
Questão
What are possible reasons for increased brain volume?
Responda
-
Increased cortical thickness
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Increased cortical surface area
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Lots of thinking happening
Questão 18
Questão
What are cortical minicolumns?
Responda
-
The smallest functional unit of the cortex
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the things that hold your brain in place
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the basis for lateral induction
Questão 19
Questão
The structural changes in ASD are
Responda
-
Higher total brain volume starting between 6 and 12 months old
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Early overgrowth which appears to be stemming from increased cortical surface area
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Increased surface area, due to an increased number of radial units and/or wider spacing of cortical minicolumns
Questão 20
Questão
What structural change are the social deficits in ASD attributed to?
Responda
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Enlarged amygdala in early childhood
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increased brain volume
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increased cortical thickness
Questão 21
Questão
The reduced neuron and oligodendrocyte count in adults may reflect normalization of size or slower growth trajectory later in life
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 22
Questão
Inhibition of amygdala via the vmPFC is diminished in ASD when viewing faces
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 23
Questão
What is true about both ADHD and ASD?
Responda
-
Highly heritable
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Fairly prevalent
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Early intervention makes no difference in outcome of treatmetn
Questão 24
Questão
Early intervention in ASD is critical and has led to improved early screening, increasing apparent prevalence
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 25
Questão
In ADHD, there are 5 networks that affect
Responda
-
attention
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executive function
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hyperactivity
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language
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social skills
Questão 26
Questão
In ASD, surface area changes can be detected in the first year of life, but a diagnosis cannot be made until age 3
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 27
Questão
In ASD, there is an abnormal brain response to joint attention
Responda
- True
- False
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