Quiz
DF28 Semi-solids: Ointments
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Perguntas do quiz (10)
1Ointments are semisolid preparations for [blank_start]external[blank_end] application to the skin or [blank_start]mucous[blank_end] membranes. An ointment consists of a [blank_start]single-phase[blank_end] basis in which [blank_start]solids or liquids[blank_end] may be dispersed. Ointments are usually [blank_start]occlusive[blank_end] and are generally used on [blank_start]dry lesions[blank_end].
- Aexternal
- Bmucous
- Csingle-phase
- Dsolids or liquids
- Eocclusive
- Fdry lesions
2Oleaginous bases:
- [blank_start]hydrocarbon[blank_end] bases.
- remain on the skin for [blank_start]long[blank_end] periods without drying out
- [blank_start]difficult[blank_end] to wash off
- water or aqueous preparations can be incorporated, but only in [blank_start]small[blank_end] amounts and with [blank_start]difficulty[blank_end]
- examples: [blank_start]petrolatum[blank_end], white petrolatum and [blank_start]yellow ointment[blank_end]
- uses: [blank_start]emollient[blank_end] effect, prevent [blank_start]transepideramal escape of moisture[blank_end] ie, hydrate skin, effective as [blank_start]occlusive[blank_end] dressings- Ahydrocarbon
- Blong
- Cdifficult
- Dsmall
- Edifficulty
- Fpetrolatum
- Gyellow ointment
- Hemollient
- Itransepideramal escape of moisture
- Jocclusive
3Absorption bases:
- generally contain a hydrocarbon such as [blank_start]paraffin[blank_end] together with a [blank_start]miscible emulsifying[blank_end] agent that is [blank_start]polar[blank_end] eg, sorbitan monooleate.
- allows to soak up to [blank_start]15% water or serous secretions[blank_end] while remaining semi-solid
- can be used to incorporate [blank_start]small volumes[blank_end] of aqueous solutions into hydrocarbon bases
- [blank_start]difficult[blank_end] to wash off
- useful as [blank_start]emollients[blank_end] although they [blank_start]do not provide the occlusion[blank_end] like oleaginous bases- Aparaffin
- Bmiscible emulsifying
- Cpolar
- D15% water or serous secretions
- Esmall volumes
- Fdifficult
- Gdo not provide the occlusion
- Hemollients
4Water-removable/washable bases:
- [blank_start]oil-in-water (O/W)[blank_end] emulsions resembling creams
- [blank_start]easily[blank_end] washed from skin since the external phase is water
- can be [blank_start]diluted[blank_end] with water
- absorb [blank_start]serous[blank_end] discharges
- examples: [blank_start]hydrophilic[blank_end] ointment- Aoil-in-water (O/W)
- Bwater-in-oil (W/O)
- Ceasily
- Ddiluted
- Eserous
- Fhydrophilic
- Ghydrophobic
5Water-soluble bases:
- no oleaginous components ([blank_start]greaseless[blank_end])
- prepared from a mixture of [blank_start]polyethylene glycols[blank_end] which soften or
melt when applied to the [blank_start]skin surface[blank_end]
- mix easily with skin [blank_start]secretions[blank_end], [blank_start]spread easily[blank_end] on skin and [blank_start]readily washed off[blank_end]
- soften with water, so large amounts of aqueous solutions are [blank_start]not effectively incorporated[blank_end] in these bases
- lose their semisolid consistency if approx [blank_start]10% water[blank_end] is taken into ointment
- Examples: Polyethylene glycol ointment, NF- Agreaseless
- Bpolyethylene glycols
- Cskin surface
- Dsecretions
- Espread easily
- Freadily washed off
- Gnot effectively incorporated
- H10% water
- I15% water
6Different types of ointments:
1. Hydrophobic:
- made of [blank_start]oleaginous bases[blank_end]
- absorb [blank_start]small amount[blank_end] of water
2. Hydrophilic:
- [blank_start]water soluble bases[blank_end]
- bases usually consist of mixtures of [blank_start]liquid and solid[blank_end] macrogols ([blank_start]polyethylene glycols[blank_end]), may contain [blank_start]appropriate amounts[blank_end] of water- Aoleaginous bases
- Bsmall amount
- Cwater soluble bases
- Dliquid and solid
- Epolyethylene glycols
- Fappropriate amounts
7Water-emulsifying ointments have absorption bases.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
8[blank_start]Hydrophobic[blank_end] ointments and water-emulsifying ointments are intended to be applied to the skin or certain mucous membranes for emollient, protective, therapeutic or prophylactic purposes where a degree of [blank_start]occlusion[blank_end] is desired. [blank_start]Hydrophilic[blank_end] ointments are miscible with the skin secretion and are less [blank_start]emollient[blank_end] as a consequence.
- AHydrophobic
- BHydrophilic
- Cocclusion
- Demollient
9Ophthalmic ointment bases
-must not be [blank_start]irritating[blank_end] to the eye
-must permit the [blank_start]diffusion[blank_end] of the medicinal substance throughout the secretions bathing the eye
-should have a [blank_start]softening point[blank_end] close to body temperature, both for comfort and for drug release
-ointment must be [blank_start]sterile[blank_end] although all ointments should not contain [blank_start]S aureus or P aeruginosa[blank_end]- Airritating
- Bdiffusion
- Csoftening point
- Dsterile
- ES aureus or P aeruginosa
10Methods of incorporating active ingredient into ointment bases:
- Incorporating solid drug:
[blank_start]1) Spatulation 2) Ointment mill[blank_end]
- Incorporating liquids:
[blank_start]Consider base capacity[blank_end] to accept [blank_start]the volume required.[blank_end]- A1) Spatulation 2) Ointment mill
- BConsider base capacity
- Cthe volume required.
Informações
- Descrição
- PHCY211 (Formulation) Quiz sobre DF28 Semi-solids: Ointments, criado por Mer Scott em 05-05-2018.
- Autor
- Mer Scott
- Idioma
- English
- Visualizações
- 4
- Etiquetas
- Avaliação
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