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Appleton & Lange - Pharmaceutical Calculation

Descrição

While the number of prescriptions requiring compounding has diminished during the past decade, the importance of pharmaceutical calculations has not declined. There is a continued necessity to compound some prescriptions and medical orders, especially for pharmacists preparing parenteral admixtures in both institutional and community settings. In addition, competence in mathematics is essential in order to comprehend the scientific literature.
Alexxis De Paz
Quiz por Alexxis De Paz, atualizado more than 1 year ago
Alexxis De Paz
Criado por Alexxis De Paz quase 6 anos atrás
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Resumo de Recurso

Questão 1

Questão
Micro, nano, atto, and mega are prefixes associated with which of the following measuring systems?
Responda
  • avoirdupois
  • metric
  • Systeme International

Questão 2

Questão
One hundred (100) micrograms equals
Responda
  • 100,000 nanograms
  • 0.1 milligrams
  • 0.001 grams

Questão 3

Questão
A patient's serum cholesterol value is reported as 4 mM/L. This concentration expressed in terms of mg/dL will be (mol. wt. cholesterol - 386) [blank_start]154 mg/dL[blank_end].
Responda
  • 154 mg/dL

Questão 4

Questão
What is the minimum amount of a potent drug that may be weighed on a prescription balance with a sensitivity requirement of 6 mg if at least 98% accuracy is required? [blank_start]300 mg[blank_end]
Responda
  • 300 mg

Questão 5

Questão
The upper therapeutic drug concentration for vancomycin is considered to be 40 mcg/mL. Express this value in terms of mg/dL. [blank_start]4 mg/dL[blank_end]
Responda
  • 4 mg/dL

Questão 6

Questão
Calculate the dose of a drug to be administered to a patient if the dosing regimen is listed as 2 mg/kg/day. The patient weighs 175 lb. [blank_start]160 mg[blank_end]
Responda
  • 160 mg

Questão 7

Questão
The adult dose of a drug is 250 mg. What would be the approximate dose for a 6-year-old child weighing 60 lb (Use Young's Rule). [blank_start]85 mg[blank_end]
Responda
  • 85 mg

Questão 8

Questão
A package insert lists a drug dose for a neonate as being 10 mcg/kg/day. The age range for a neonate is considered to be
Responda
  • birth to 1 month
  • 1 month to 6 months
  • 1 month to 1 year
  • birth to 1 week
  • 1 year through 5 years

Questão 9

Questão
The child's dose of a drug is reported as 1.2 mg/kg body weight. What is the appropriate dose for a child weighing 60 lb? [blank_start]32 mg[blank_end]
Responda
  • 32 mg

Questão 10

Questão
The infusion rate of theophylline established for a neonate is 0.08 mg/kg/hr. How many mg of drug are needed for a 12-hr infusion bottle if the body weight is 16 lb? [blank_start]7 mg[blank_end]
Responda
  • 7 mg

Questão 11

Questão
How many mg of codeine phosphate are being consumed daily by a patient taking the following prescription as directed? [blank_start]33 mg[blank_end]
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Responda
  • 33 mg

Questão 12

Questão
How many mg of codeine base is in each dose of the cough product used in Question 11? (Mol. wts: codeine = 299; codeine phosphate = 406) [blank_start]6 mg[blank_end]
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Image (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • 6 mg

Questão 13

Questão
The directions intended for the patient on a prescription read "1 tbsp ac and hs for 10 days." What is the minimum volume the pharmacist should dispense? [blank_start]600 mL[blank_end]
Responda
  • 600 mL

Questão 14

Questão
The USP contains nomograms for estimating body surface area (BSA) for both children and adults. Which of the following measurements must be known in order to use this nomogram?
Responda
  • age and height
  • age and weight
  • height and creatinine clearance
  • height and weight
  • weight and sex

Questão 15

Questão
The adult dose of a drug is 200 mg. What is an appropriate dose for an 8-year-old child whose BSA is calculated to be 0.6 m^2? [blank_start]70 mg[blank_end]
Responda
  • 70 mg

Questão 16

Questão
Blood pressure measurements were made for 1 week on five patients with the following averages. What is the median systolic pressure? [blank_start]160[blank_end]
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Responda
  • 160

Questão 17

Questão
Using the above data, determine the approximate average diastolic blood pressure value. [blank_start]80[blank_end]
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Responda
  • 80

Questão 18

Questão
After 1 month of therapy, all of the patients listed in Question 16 had a systolic blood pressure reduction of 10 mm with a standard deviation (SD) of 5 mm. What percentage of patients had a reduction between 5 and 15 mm? [blank_start]70%[blank_end]
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Responda
  • 70%

Questão 19

Questão
Lanoxin Pediatric Elixir contains 0.05 mg of digoxin per mL. How many micrograms (mcg) are there in 3 mL of the elixir? [blank_start]150[blank_end]
Responda
  • 150

Questão 20

Questão
A pharmacists adds 1 pint of Alcohol USP to 1 L of a mouthwash formula. What is the new percentage of alcohol present if the original mouthwash was labeled as 12% V/V ethanol? [blank_start]38%[blank_end]
Responda
  • 38%

Questão 21

Questão
A prescription calls for the dispensing of a 4% Pilocar solution with the directions of "gtt i OU TID." How many mg of pilocarpine hydrochloride is being used per day? Assume that the dropper is calibrated to deliver 20 drops to the mL. [blank_start]12 mg[blank_end]
Responda
  • 12 mg

Questão 22

Questão
The adult intravenous (IV) dose of zidovudine is 2 mg/kg q 4 h six times daily. How many mg will a 180-lb patient receive daily? [blank_start]980 mg[blank_end]
Responda
  • 980 mg

Questão 23

Questão
A pharmacist dilutes 100 mL of Clorox with sufficient water to make one quart of solution. Express the concentration of sodium hypochloride in the final dilution as a W/V ratio. (Commercial Clorox contains 5.25% W/V sodium hypochlorite.) [blank_start]1/180[blank_end]
Responda
  • 1/180

Questão 24

Questão
How many mg of cocaine HCl is in the final solution? [blank_start]160 mg[blank_end]
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Image (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • 160 mg

Questão 25

Questão
How many mL of Adrenalin HCl Solution (0.1%) may be used to prepare the solution? [blank_start]2 mL[blank_end]
Image:
Image (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • 2 mL

Questão 26

Questão
How many mL of the reconstituted solution are required for each day of therapy? [blank_start]4.8 mL[blank_end]
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Image (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • 4.8 mL

Questão 27

Questão
What infusion rate in mL/min should the nurse establish for each bottle? [blank_start]5 mL/min[blank_end]
Image:
Image (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • 5 mL/min

Questão 28

Questão
An ICU medical order reads "KCl 40 mEq in 1 liter N/S. Infuse at 0.5 mEq/min." How many minutes will this bottle last on the patient? [blank_start]80[blank_end]
Responda
  • 80

Questão 29

Questão
The attending physician changes the flow rate of the solution (KCl 40 mEq/1 L N/S) to 2 mEq per hour. What will be approximate flow rate in mL/min? [blank_start]0.8[blank_end]
Responda
  • 0.8

Questão 30

Questão
An administration set delivers 60 drops to the mL. How many drops per minute are needed to obtain 20 units of heparin per minute if the IV admixture contains 15,000 units per 250 mL of normal saline? [blank_start]20[blank_end]
Responda
  • 20

Questão 31

Questão
Dopamine (Intropin) 200 mg in 500 mL of normal saline at 5 mcg/kg/min is ordered for a 155-lb patient. What is the final concentration of solution in mcg/mL? [blank_start]400[blank_end]
Responda
  • 400

Questão 32

Questão
Referring to Question 31, at what rate (mL/min) should the solution be infused to deliver the desired dose of 5 mcg/kg/min? [blank_start]0.88[blank_end] [Question 31: Dopamine (Intropin) 200 mg in 500 mL of normal saline at 5 mcg/kg/min is ordered for a 155-lb patient.]
Responda
  • 0.88

Questão 33

Questão
A 250-mL infusion bottle contains 5.86 g of potassium chloride (KCl). How many milliequivalent (mEq) of KCl are present? (Mol. wt. KCl = 74.6) [blank_start]78.5[blank_end]
Responda
  • 78.5

Questão 34

Questão
A solution contains 1.5 mEq of calcium per 100 mL. Express the solution's strength of calcium in terms of mg/L. (The atomic weight of calcium is 40.) [blank_start]300[blank_end]
Responda
  • 300

Questão 35

Questão
Calcium chloride (CaCl2 - 2H2O) has a formula weight of 147. What weight of the chemical is needed to obtain 40 mEq of calcium? (Ca = 40.1; Cl = 35.5; H2O = 18) [blank_start]2.94 g[blank_end]
Responda
  • 2.94 g

Questão 36

Questão
A floor nurse requests a 50-mL minibottle to contain heparin injection 100 units/mL. The number of mL of heparin injection 10,000 units/mL needed for this order will be [blank_start]0.5 mL[blank_end]
Responda
  • 0.5 mL

Questão 37

Questão
The estimated creatinine clearance rate for a 120-lb male patient is 40 mL/min. What maintenance does should be administered if the normal dose was calculated to be 80 mg? (Assume only renal elimination) [blank_start]20 mg[blank_end]
Responda
  • 20 mg

Questão 38

Questão
A nursing floor requests one pint of 50% Isopropyl alcohol as a rubbing compound. How many mL of Isopropyl Rubbing Alcohol (70% V/V) will be needed for compounding this order? [blank_start]342[blank_end]
Responda
  • 342

Questão 39

Questão
A physician requests 1 lb of bacitracin ointment containing 200 U of bacitracin per gram. How may grams of bacitracin ointment (500 U/g) must be used to make this ointment? [blank_start]182[blank_end]
Responda
  • 182

Questão 40

Questão
What weight of salicylic acid is needed to prepare 1 pt of the formula listed? [blank_start]23.7 g[blank_end]
Image:
Image (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • 23.7 g

Questão 41

Questão
What percent V/V concentration of alcohol would be listed on the label? [blank_start]15.8%[blank_end]
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Image (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • 15.8%

Questão 42

Questão
How many mL of triamcinolone acetonide aqueous injection (40 mg/mL) could be used to prepare 240 mL of the formula? [blank_start]12.5[blank_end]
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Image (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • 12.5

Questão 43

Questão
Propylene glycol was purchased at a cost of $24.00 per pound. What is the cost of 100 mL of the liquid? (Specific gravity = 1.04) [blank_start]$5.50[blank_end]
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Responda
  • $5.50

Questão 44

Questão
A pharmacist adds 2 mL of tobramycin injection (40 mg/mL) to 4 mL of tobramycin ophthalmic solution 0.3%. The concentration of tobramycin in the final mixture will be [blank_start]0.015[blank_end] g/mL.
Responda
  • 0.015

Questão 45

Questão
A hospital clinic requests 2 lb of 2% hydrocortisone ointment. How many grams of 5% hydrocortisone ointment could be diluted with white petrolatum to prepare this order? [blank_start]363[blank_end]
Responda
  • 363

Questão 46

Questão
How many mL of glyerin would be needed to prepare 1 lb of an ointment containing 5% W/W glycerin? (The density of glyerin is 1.25 g/mL) [blank_start]18.2[blank_end]
Responda
  • 18.2

Questão 47

Questão
A total parenteral nutrition (TPN) order requires 500 mL of D30W. How many mL of D50W should be used if the D30W is not available? [blank_start]300[blank_end]
Responda
  • 300

Questão 48

Questão
How many grams of 1% hydrocortisone cream must be mixed with 0.5% hydrocortisone cream if one wishes to prepare 60 grams of an 0.8% W/W preparation? [blank_start]36[blank_end] g
Responda
  • 36

Questão 49

Questão
How many grams of pure hydrocortisone powder must be mixed with 60 g of 0.5% hydrocortisone cream if one wishes to prepare a 2.0% W/W preparation? [blank_start]0.92[blank_end] g
Responda
  • 0.92

Questão 50

Questão
How much sodium chloride is needed to adjust the following prescription to isotonicity? (The E value for sodium thiosulfate is 0.31.) [blank_start]0.53[blank_end] g
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Image (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • 0.53

Questão 51

Questão
How much additional sodium chloride should be added to the following prescription to maintain isotonicity? (Zincfrin is an isotonic solution.) [blank_start]0.4 g[blank_end]
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Image (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • 0.4 g

Questão 52

Questão
How many mg of sodium chloride are needed to adjust 30 mL of a 4% cocaine HCl solution to isotonicity. The freezing point depression of a 1% solution of cocaine HCl is 0.09 degrees. [blank_start]83[blank_end]
Responda
  • 83

Questão 53

Questão
Estimate the milliosmolarity (mOsm/L) for normal saline. (Na = 23; Cl = 35.5) [blank_start]300[blank_end] mOsm/L
Responda
  • 300

Questão 54

Questão
How many milliosmoles are present in a solution prepared by dissolving 1000 mg of soldium chloride in 100 mL D5W? (Na = 23; Cl = 35.5; hydrous dextrose = 198) [blank_start]60[blank_end]
Responda
  • 60

Questão 55

Questão
How many grams of glacial acetic acid (99.9% W/W) must be added to 1 gallon of purified water to prepare an irrigation solution containing 0.25% W/V acetic acid? [blank_start]9.5[blank_end] g
Responda
  • 9.5

Questão 56

Questão
How much elemental iron is present in every 300 mg of ferrous sulfate (FeSO4 - 7H2O)? [Atomic weights: iron = 55.9; S = 32; O = 16; H = 1. Iron has valences of +2 and +3) [blank_start]60[blank_end] mg
Responda
  • 60

Questão 57

Questão
The USP states that 1 g of a chemical is soluble in 10 mL of alcohol. What is the percentage strength of a saturated solution of this chemical if alcohol has a sp. gr. of 0.80? [blank_start]11.1% W/W[blank_end]
Responda
  • 11.1% W/W

Questão 58

Questão
What is the decay constant (k) of the radioisotope 32P if its half-life is 14.3 days? (Assume that radiopharmaceuticals follow first order kinetics.) [blank_start]0.048[blank_end]/day
Responda
  • 0.048

Questão 59

Questão
A radiopharmacist prepares a solution of 99m Tc (40 mCi/mL) at 6:00 AM. If the solution is intended for administration at 12:00 noon at a dose of 20 mCi, how many mL of the original solution are needed? (The half-life of the radioisotope is 6 hours.) [blank_start]1.0[blank_end] mL
Responda
  • 1.0

Questão 60

Questão
What concentration of the original 99m Tc solution described in Question 59 will remain 24 hours after its original preparation? [blank_start]2.5[blank_end] mCi
Responda
  • 2.5

Questão 61

Questão
How many grams of magnesium is present in every 350 mL dose? (Mg - 24.3; Carbonate - 60) [blank_start]4.32[blank_end]
Image:
Image (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • 4.32

Questão 62

Questão
What percent W/V of hydrated citric acid could be listed in a formula if the anhydrous citric acid is not available? The hydrated form of citric acid contains 10% water. (Molecular weight citric acid, anhydrous = 192 g/mole; water = 18 g/mole.) [blank_start]8.7[blank_end]
Image:
Image (binary/octet-stream)
Responda
  • 8.7

Questão 63

Questão
A nursing home patient is experiencing dairrhea from his enteral nutritional solution, which has an osmolarity of 520 mOsm/L. How many mL of purified water are needed to reduce 500 mL of this solution to an osmolarity of 300 mOsm/L? [blank_start]360[blank_end] mL
Responda
  • 360

Questão 64

Questão
The level of iron impurities in a water sample is 2 mg per liter. Express this concentration in terms of ppm. [blank_start]2[blank_end] ppm
Responda
  • 2

Questão 65

Questão
The concentration of mercury in a water sample is reported as 5 ppm. Express this concentration as a percentage. [blank_start]0.0005%[blank_end]
Responda
  • 0.0005%

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