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Quiz

Reference Systems

Amy Akizuki 14 perguntas

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Perguntas do quiz (14)

  1. 1The definition of a reference state includes
    1. ATheoretically, a stable end point where ‘success’ achieved
    2. BCompare images of identical scale to measure change in object type, number, size, shape, or total area
    3. CChange over time in stream-flow, lake-level, temperature, precip, etc
    4. DPractically, a state at or beyond a threshold where similarity occurs
  2. 2Measurements of restored states are compared to reference states:
    1. AAnalogous ecosite classification or published standard
    2. BHistorical state measured at the same location (before & after)
    3. CMonitoring adjacent undisturbed location (control & impact)
    4. DAll of the above
  3. 3References States can be obtained from published sources (such as books, maps, tables and graphs) provide analoges
    1. AVerdadeiro
    2. BFalso
  4. 4Aerial Photography
    1. AOlder photos (1920s-1970s) only monochrome (black & white) photo, now modern photos & satellites multi-spectral (infrared, true colour)
    2. BVertical images overlapping 30-60% allows 3-D view to measure elevation, tree height, slope angle, and slope aspect
    3. CPrecise interpretation separates objects based on shape, size, colour, texture, grain, and juxtaposition
    4. DAccurate interpretation requires ground-truth or expert knowledge
  5. 5To detect change with aerial photography:
    ~ Compare images of identical scale to measure change in object type, number, size, shape, or total area
    ~Used to set restoration targets for forest:grassland ratio & reforesting
    1. AVerdadeiro
    2. BFalso
  6. 6Climate and hydrometric station data
    1. AChange over time in stream-flow, lake-level, temperature, precip, etc
    2. BCompare two or more years
    3. CUsed to visualize restored states but no quantitative value
    4. DUsed to set restoration or adaptation targets
  7. 7Landscape photographs
    1. ASame location, composition, time of year
    2. BCompare two or more years
    3. CUsed to visualize restored states but no quantitative value
    4. DOccasionally paintings or drawings are compared, but unreliable
    5. EUsed to set restoration or adaptation targets
  8. 8Government Land Survey Records
    1. AUSA & Canada 1850 to 1925, detailed field notes and maps
    2. BUsed to set restoration targets for forest:grassland ratio, and forest composition
    3. CTree ring patterns identify fire history (frequency, intensity, season)
    4. DUsed to set restoration targets for prescribed burn frequency
  9. 9Dendrochronology
    1. ATree ring patterns identify fire history (frequency, intensity, season)
    2. BUsed to set restoration targets for prescribed burn frequency
    3. CUSA & Canada 1850 to 1925, detailed field notes and maps
    4. DUsed to set restoration targets for forest:grassland ratio, and forest composition
  10. 10Palynology uses lake sediment or peatland cores, to examine pollen, charcoal, and C14 dates, & interpret past vegetation, climate, and fire.
    1. AVerdadeiro
    2. BFalso

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Descrição
Biology 420E Quiz sobre Reference Systems , criado por Amy Akizuki em 07-12-2018.
Idioma
English
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biology 420e
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