16401735
Descrição
Quiz por Matthew Coulson, atualizado more than 1 year ago
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Criado por Matthew Coulson
mais de 5 anos atrás
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Questão 1
Questão
Breast Carcinoma is considered to be which type of carcinoma?
Responda
-
Adenocarcinoma
-
Basal cell carcinoma
-
Squamous cell carcinoma
-
Transitional cell carcinoma
Questão 2
Questão
Breast Adenocarcinoma commonly occurs in the epithelial cells of which breast structure?
Responda
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Terminal Duct Lobular Units
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Lactiferous Ducts
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Areola
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Lactiferous Sinus
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Breast Vascular Tissues
Questão 3
Questão
A carcinoma which hasn't yet breached basement membrane is known as an [blank_start]in situ[blank_end] carcinoma
A carcinoma which has breached the basement membrane is known as an [blank_start]invasive[blank_end] carcinoma
Responda
-
in situ
-
invasive
Questão 4
Questão
Lobular neoplasias:
[blank_start]Lobular Carcinoma in situ[blank_end] = >50% of lobule involved
[blank_start]Atypical Lobular Hyperplasia[blank_end] = <50% of lobule involved
[blank_start]Invasive Carcinoma[blank_end] = Typically >50% of lobule involved & breach of basement membrane
Responda
-
Invasive Carcinoma
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Atypical Lobular Hyperplasia
-
Lobular Carcinoma in situ
-
Atypical Lobular Hypertrophy
Questão 5
Questão
Lobular neoplasms typically grow in response to which hormone?
[blank_start]Oestrogen[blank_end]
Responda
-
Oestrogen
Questão 6
Questão
The red dots show tumours in a breast. Which shows a multifocal cancer and which shows a multicentric cancer?
Responda
-
multifocal
-
multicentric
Questão 7
Questão
Description of a Lobular In Situ Neoplasia:
Frequently [blank_start]multifocal[blank_end] and [blank_start]bilateral[blank_end]
Incidence [blank_start]decreases[blank_end] following menopause
[blank_start]Is not[blank_end] typically palpable
Usually [blank_start]incidental[blank_end] finding
Responda
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multifocal
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multicentric
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unifocal
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bilateral
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unilateral
-
decreases
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increases
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Is not
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Is
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incidental
-
non-incidental
Questão 8
Questão
How are lobular neoplasms typically managed?
Responda
-
Excision following diagnosis
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Reassurance and watchful waiting
Questão 9
Questão
A woman has a routine mammography scan conducted as part of the breast screening program. Three small lesions are noticed in the upper outer quadrant of her right breast. If you were to suggest a biopsy of these lesions, which 2 of the following might you consider?
Responda
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Core Needle Biopsy
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Vacuum Needle Biopsy
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Fine Needle Aspiration
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Immediate Surgical Excision of Lesions
Questão 10
Questão
In which breast structures do Ductal Carcinoma In Situ originate?
Responda
-
Terminal Duct Lobular Unit
-
Lactiferous Duct
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Lactiferous Sinus
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Sub-areolar structures
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Breast Vasculature
Questão 11
Questão
Ductal carcinoma in situ is typically [blank_start]unicentric (affects single duct system)[blank_end]
Responda
-
unicentric (affects single duct system)
-
multicentric (multiple duct systems)
Questão 12
Questão
[blank_start]Ductal Carcinoma in situ[blank_end] = Confined within the basement membrane of the duct
[blank_start]Invasive Ductal Carcinoma[blank_end] = Breached the basement membrane of the duct
Responda
-
Invasive Ductal Carcinoma
-
Ductal Carcinoma in situ
Questão 13
Questão
Observe the picture. Which condition are you worried about in this woman?
[blank_start]Paget's Disease[blank_end] of the breast
Responda
-
Paget's Disease
Questão 14
Questão
Paget's Disease of the Breast is typically indicative of an underlying [blank_start]Ductal Carcinoma In Situ[blank_end]
Responda
-
Ductal Carcinoma In Situ
-
Invasive Ductal Carcinoma
Questão 15
Questão
Which of the following are typical signs of Paget's Disease of the Breast?
Responda
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Involuted nipple
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Straw-coloured/bloody discharge from nipple
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Burning pain sensation in nipple
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Eczema on the nipple
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Low hanging breast on affected side
Questão 16
Questão
In the case of high grade ductal neoplasms such as DCIS, growth of the tumour can outpace the development of the blood supply thus leading to the entire duct becoming plugged with cancerous cells which typically become necrosed. This is known as [blank_start]comedo[blank_end] necrosis.
Responda
-
comedo
Questão 17
Questão
How is Ductal Carcinoma In Situ typically managed?
Responda
-
Surgical excision +/- radiotherapy
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Reassurance & watchful waiting
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Core Needle/Vacuum Biopsy to exclude invasive carcinoma then radiotherapy only
Questão 18
Questão
Which structure is breached in invasive carcinomas?
The [blank_start]Basement membrane[blank_end]
Responda
-
Basement membrane
Questão 19
Questão
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in females
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 20
Questão
Which cancer most commonly affects males?
[blank_start]Prostate[blank_end] cancer
Responda
-
Prostate
Questão 21
Questão
Having a child which a woman subsequently breast feeds significantly reduces her risk of developing breast cancer at a later age.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 22
Questão
Nulliparous women are less likely to develop breast cancer
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 23
Questão
Risk Factors for Breast Cancer Development:
[blank_start]Early[blank_end] menarche
[blank_start]Late[blank_end] menopause
Responda
-
Late
-
Early
-
Early
-
Late
Questão 24
Questão
Hormone therapies such as HRT and the Oral Contraceptive Pill have negligible effects on the risk of breast cancer development
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 25
Questão
Women in Western Europe have the highest incidence of breast cancer of any geographical region in the world.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 26
Questão
Which of the following has a greater impact on the risk of breast cancer development?
Responda
-
Cigarette Smoking
-
High Alcohol Consumption
Questão 27
Questão
Which genetic mutations are the most common indicators of breast cancer risk in women?
[blank_start]BRCA[blank_end] mutations 1 and 2
Responda
-
BRCA
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BCRF
-
BCAG
Questão 28
Questão
Statistically, 1 in every [blank_start]8[blank_end] women will develop breast cancer at some point in their lifetime.
Responda
-
8
-
6
-
12
-
20
Questão 29
Questão
Which of the following is the most common invasive breast carcinoma?
Responda
-
Ductal
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Lobular
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Tubular
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Mucinous
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Medullary
Questão 30
Questão
Which of the following is the second most common invasive breast carcinoma?
Responda
-
Ductal
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Lobular
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Mucinous
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Tubular
-
Medullary
Questão 31
Questão
Which lymph nodes do breast carcinomas typically metastasize to?
Responda
-
Axillary
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Para-aortic
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Abdominal
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Internal Mammary
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Supraclavicular
Questão 32
Questão
The [blank_start]sentinel[blank_end] lymph node is the hypothetical first lymph node or group of nodes in which a tumour drains.
Responda
-
sentinel
Questão 33
Questão
The more hormone receptors an invasive carcinoma has, the better its prognosis.
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 34
Questão
In terms of hormone receptors, 80% of invasive breast carcinomas are positive for [blank_start]oestrogen[blank_end] receptors and 67% are positive for [blank_start]progesterone[blank_end] receptors
Responda
-
progesterone
-
oestrogen
Questão 35
Questão
[blank_start]Tamoxifen[blank_end] is an anti-oestrogen prodrug which when given gives rise to compounds which act as oestrogen receptor antagonists, thus preventing the growth and proliferation of cancer cells.
Responda
-
Tamoxifen
Questão 36
Questão
Tamoxifen should not be given to those with non-invasive breast cancer (e.g. DCIS)
Responda
- True
- False
Questão 37
Questão
The primary treatment for invasive breast cancers such as Invasive Ductal Carcinoma is hormone adjuvant therapy
Responda
- True
- False
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