Quiz
AMI
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Perguntas do quiz (16)
1Match the artery to the supply of myocardium and leads of ECG
[blank_start]R) Coronary Artery[blank_end]....R) Atrium, SA & AV nodes, Inferior wall of R) ventricle....Lead 1,2 & AVF
[blank_start]R) Marginal[blank_end]...Inferior wall of R) Ventricle, Apex of Heart....Leads 1, 2 & AVF
R) Posterior Interventricular....R) & L) ventricles, Posterior intermuscular septum....Leads [blank_start]V1, V2[blank_end] (depression)
[blank_start]L) Anterior Descending[blank_end]....L) ventricle anterior wall, Anteroseptal, Anteroapical....V1-4,
[blank_start]L) Circumflex[blank_end]....Left Atrium, Left Ventricle, Anterolateral Wall...V5-V6, Lead 1, avL- AR) Coronary Artery
- BR) Anterior Artery
- CR) Marginal
- DL) Marginal
- EL) Circumflex
- FL) Interventricular
- GL) Anterior Descending
- HGreat Cardiac Vein
- IV1, V2
- JV4-V6
2Macrophages which are transformed into foam cells, secrete cytokines which propagate atherosclerosis?
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
3ST segment: The ST segment represents the time interval at the end of [blank_start]ventricular depolarisation[blank_end] to the time of [blank_start]ventricular repolarisation[blank_end]. At this time there is no difference in electrical potential, therefore there is no deflection, and this segment should be isoelectric.
Changes in the ST segment are caused by disturbances in repolarisation and may be reflected in elevation or depression of ST segment.
The ST segment is measured from the [blank_start]end[blank_end] of the QRS complex to the [blank_start]beginning[blank_end] of the T wave.- Aventricular repolarisation
- Bventricular contraction
- Cventricular depolarisation
- DVentricular contraction
- Eend
- Fstart
- Gbeginning
- Hend
4Which of these are characteristics of PR interval?
- AMeasured from end of P wave to beginning of QRS?
- BMeasured from start of P wave to beginning of QRS?
- CRepresent time required for impulse to depolarise atria, traverse AV node and enter ventricular system.
- DNormally 0.08-0.12
- ENormally 0.12-0.20
5QRS complex: Normal duration/ interval [blank_start]0.08- 0.10[blank_end] secs. The QRS complex reflects [blank_start]ventricular[blank_end] depolarisation (NOT ventricular contraction, which is associated with ST). Not every QRS complex contains a Q wave, R wave and S wave; it depends on the position of the lead and underlying myocardium.
- A0.08- 0.10
- B0.12-0.20
- Cventricular
- Datrial
6Angina is caused by decreased blood supply within the coronary arteries causing [blank_start]ischaemia[blank_end]. It normally occurs during periods of strenuous activity where the heart cannot meet the O2 requirements of the myocardial tissue.
Stable angina- physical exertion, [blank_start]responds[blank_end] to rest and medication
Unstable angina- does not respond to rest or medication
Variant angina- Caused by [blank_start]coronary[blank_end] spasm- Aischaemia
- Bresponds
- Ccoronary
7Treatment of angina is normally through?
- AGTN- causes vasodilation of the coronary vessels via increased cGMP
- BAspirin- irreversibly inhibits COX enzymes which reduces prostaglandins and thromboxane
- CStenting
- Dbeta-blockers
8The pathology of coronary artery atherosclerosis involves [blank_start]chronic[blank_end] endothelial injury, endothelial dysfunction, smooth muscle migration from [blank_start]tunica media[blank_end] to tunica intima, engulfment by [blank_start]macrophages[blank_end], formation of foam cells, proliferation of SMC's and collagen.
- Achronic
- Bacute
- Ctunica media
- Dtunica externa
- Emacrophages
- Fdebris
- Glipids
9Which layers will typically be first to undergo infarction?
- Apericardial
- Bmyocardial
- Csubendocardial
10List the most common pathological conditions affecting the pericardium?
- ACardiac Tamponade- fluid within the pericardial sac
- BPericarditis- inflammation of the pericardium relieved by sitting up and worsened by supine
- CPericardial effusion which can be haemoserous, fibrinoserous, suppuratives.
- DPericardial Cancer
11GTN is A [blank_start]prodrug[blank_end] which first must be denitrated to produce its active form [blank_start]nitrous oxide[blank_end]. Nitrous oxide released increases [blank_start]guanylyl cyclase[blank_end] activity this results in increased cyclic GMP dependent protein kinase that activates MLC [blank_start]phosphatase[blank_end]. MLC [blank_start]dephosphorylation[blank_end]-- VSMC relaxation.
- Aprodrug
- Bvasopressor
- Cnitrous oxide
- Dnitrous oxide synthase
- Eguanylyl cyclase
- Fadenylyl cyclase
- Gphosphatase
- Hkinase
- Idephosphorylation
- Jphoshorylation
12B- blockers competitively antagonise B-adrenergic receptors in cardiac nodal tissue and myocytes. They block NA & A from binding. B-adrenergic receptors are couped to a G-Protein, which activates adenylyl cyclase to form cAMP from ATP. Increased cAMP activates a cAMP dependent protein kinase A that phosphorylates L-type calcium channels, which causes increased calcium entry into the cell. Contraindications to b-blockers are?
- AUnstable angina
- Basthma
- Cstroke
- Dsevere PVD
13Aspirin irreversibly inhibits COX enzyme. Which line of cyclo-oxygenase will regenerate first?
- AProstaglandins
- BThromboxane
14Which factors does heparin inhibit in order to prevent the coagulation cascade form forming fibrin.
- AFactor 2
- BFactor 3
- CFactor 7
- DFactor 10
15Warfarin inhibits activation of vitamin K via inhibition of vitamin k epoxide.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
16Dual therapy of [blank_start]clopidogrel[blank_end] and aspirin is used because the endothelial cells will eventually replenish the levels of prostaglandin and thromboxane, but [blank_start]clopidogrel[blank_end] can inactive platelets for a lengthy period of time until they are replenished by haemopoeisis.
- Aclopidogrel
- Bclopidogrel
Informações
- Descrição
- AMI pathology and treatment
- Autor
- jimmy_sheehan318
- Idioma
- English
- Visualizações
- 29
- Histórico
- Criado em 19 nov 2015 · atualizado em 19 fev 2016
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