Airway

Uncuffed tubes to be used in children less than 10 years by professionals who have little paediatric experience). The formula for calculating internal diameter in mm is [blank_start](age/4) +4[blank_end]

Before intubation, patients should be pre-oxygenated for at least [blank_start]3[blank_end] minutes. The attempt should take no longer than 30 seconds; if unsuccessful bag-mask ventilation should be resumed. A small baby can be inflamted using a [blank_start]250[blank_end]ml bag, children [blank_start]500[blank_end]ml, and adults [blank_start]1.5[blank_end]l bag.

A cricothyroidotomy should be performed if the airway can't be achieved by other means. In children under [blank_start]12[blank_end] years a needle is preffered (surgical offers better protection in older children). A [blank_start]5[blank_end]ml syringe should be attached to a cannula. Tubing should be connected to a [blank_start]Y[blank_end] connector; flow = patient's [blank_start]age[blank_end]. Increase flow by [blank_start]1[blank_end]l if chest not moving. Thumb off for [blank_start]4[blank_end] seconds to allow for expiration.