Quiz
Unit 2 Practice
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Perguntas do quiz (53)
1Most bacterial DNA is negatively supercoiled.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
2Bacterial DNA replication starts at the [blank_start]oriC[blank_end]. From here, it occurs [blank_start]bi[blank_end]-directionally until it is terminated at the [blank_start]ter[blank_end] site.
- AoriC
- Bbi
- Cter
3DNA replication is activated by _____ and inhibited by _______.
- ADnaA; SeqA
- BDnaA; DnaB
- CDnaA; Tus
4What binds to ter sequences and blocks DnaB helices activity, terminating replication?
- Atus proteins
- Brho proteins
- CNusA
5Plasmids are larger than chromosomes
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
6What is true about bacterial DNA?
- Amultiple chromosomes
- Bpackaged into a nucleoid
- Cright handed
- Dnegatively supercoiled
- Emultiple origins of replication
- Flinear chromosomes
7Which are part of transcription initiation?
- Acore polymerase
- Bsigma factor
- Cpromoter sequence
- DShine-Delgarno sequence
- Eribosomes
8What is true in Rho-dependent transcription termination?
- ARho binds to A-rich regions
- BRNA is threaded through Rho heximer, pulling Rho towards RNA polymerase
- CWhen Rho and RNA meet up, transcription is terminated
9[blank_start]NusA[blank_end] protein is required for rho-independent termination.
- ANusA
10What are polysomes?
- Amultiple ribosomes translating a single mRNA
- Bmultiple ribosomes in a polygon
- Cmultiple chromosomes that are attached when termination doesn't occur
11What is the Shine-Delgarno sequence?
- ASequence where the ribosome complex binds to mRNA for translation
- BSequence that binds transcription factors
- CSequence before the translation start site
12[blank_start]Secretion[blank_end] is the movement of proteins out of the cytoplasm
- ASecretion
13How many pathways are there too secrete proteins from the cytoplasm into the inner membrane?
- A1
- B2
- C3
- D7
14What are the two pathways for secreting proteins to the periplasm?
- ASecA dependent
- BTAT
- CSRP
- DSecYEG
15The beta barrel assembly machine complex assembles outer membrane proteins into the outer membrane.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
16[blank_start]Transformation[blank_end]: import naked DNA into [blank_start]competent[blank_end] bacterial cells
[blank_start]Conjugation[blank_end]: import [blank_start]plasmids[blank_end] through cell to cell contact via [blank_start]pilus[blank_end]
[blank_start]Transduction[blank_end]: [blank_start]bacteriophage[blank_end] infiltrates bacteria cell and imports DNA from one bacteria to another.- ATransformation
- Bcompetent
- CConjugation
- Dplasmids
- Epilus
- FTransduction
- Gbacteriophage
17What is the repressor of the lac operon?
- AlacI
- BlacA
- ClacZ
- DlacO
18When lactose is absent,
- Arepressor lacI binds operator lacO, preventing transcription
- Blac operon is transcribed to make more lactose
19When arabinose is present,
- AAraC is is repressed
- BAraC catabolizes arabinose
20The tryptophan operon, for the anabolism of tryptophan, is
- Ainducible
- Brepressible
21What is the most efficient mechanism to make ATP?
- Asubstrate level phosphorylation
- Boxidative phosphorylation
- Cphotophosphorylation
22Which is more efficient for making ATP?
- Arespiring organisms
- Bfermenters
23what are the pathways for sugar breakdown?
- Aglycolysis
- Bgluconeogenesis
- CEntner-Duodoroff
- DPentose Phosphate Pathway
- ETCA cycle
24Phase 1: Glucose to 2 G-3-P
[blank_start]Glucose[blank_end]
↓
[blank_start]Glucose-6-Phosphate[blank_end]
↓
[blank_start]Fructose-6-Phosphate[blank_end]
↓
[blank_start]Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate[blank_end]
| ↘
↓ DHAP
[blank_start]G-3-P[blank_end] ↲
Part 2: 2 G-3-P to 2 Pyruvate
G-3-P
↓
[blank_start]1,3-bisphosphoglycerate[blank_end]
↓
[blank_start]3-phosphoglycerate[blank_end]
↓
[blank_start]2 phosphoglycerate[blank_end]
↓
[blank_start]PEP[blank_end]
↓
[blank_start]pyruvate[blank_end]- AGlucose-6-Phosphate
- BFructose-6-Phosphate
- CFructose-1,6-bisphosphate
- DG-3-P
- E1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
- F3-phosphoglycerate
- G2 phosphoglycerate
- HGlucose
- IPEP
- Jpyruvate
25Phase 1: Glucose to 2 G-3-P
Glucose
↓ [blank_start]Hexokinase[blank_end]
Glucose-6-Phosphate
↓ [blank_start]Phosphoglucoisomerase[blank_end]
Fructose-6-Phosphate
↓ [blank_start]Phosphofructokinase[blank_end]
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
| ↘ [blank_start]Aldolase[blank_end]
↓ DHAP
G-3-P ↲ [blank_start]triose phosphate isomerase[blank_end]
Part 2: 2 G-3-P to 2 Pyruvate
G-3-P
↓ [blank_start]glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase[blank_end]
1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
↓ [blank_start]phosphoglycerate kinase[blank_end]
3-phosphoglycerate
↓ [blank_start]phosphoglycerate mutase[blank_end]
2 phosphoglycerate
↓ [blank_start]enolase[blank_end]
PEP
↓ [blank_start]pyruvate kinase[blank_end]
pyruvate- AHexokinase
- BPhosphoglucoisomerase
- CPhosphofructokinase
- DAldolase
- Etriose phosphate isomerase
- Fglyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- Gphosphoglycerate kinase
- Hphosphoglycerate mutase
- Ienolase
- Jpyruvate kinase
26Phase 1: Glucose to 2 G-3-P
Glucose
| ⤹ [blank_start]ATP[blank_end]
↓ ⤷ [blank_start]ADP[blank_end]
Glucose-6-Phosphate
↓
Fructose-6-Phosphate
| ⤹ [blank_start]ATP[blank_end]
↓ ⤷ [blank_start]ADP[blank_end]
Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate
| ↘
↓ DHAP
G-3-P ↲
Part 2: 2 G-3-P to 2 Pyruvate
G-3-P
| ⤹ [blank_start]NAD+, Pi[blank_end]
↓ ⤷ [blank_start]NADH, H+[blank_end]
1,3-bisphosphoglycerate
| ⤹ [blank_start]ADP[blank_end]
↓ ⤷ [blank_start]ATP[blank_end]
3-phosphoglycerate
↓ ⤷ [blank_start]H2O[blank_end]
2 phosphoglycerate
|⤹ [blank_start]ADP[blank_end]
↓⤷ [blank_start]ATP[blank_end]
PEP
↓
pyruvate- AATP
- BADP
- CATP.
- DADP.
- ENAD+, Pi
- FNADH, H+
- GADP..
- HATP..
- IH2O
- JADP...
- KATP...
27Glycolysis: [blank_start]1[blank_end] glucose -> [blank_start]2[blank_end] pyruvate, [blank_start]2[blank_end] ATP, [blank_start]2[blank_end] NADH
Entner-Duodoroff: [blank_start]1[blank_end] glucose -> [blank_start]2[blank_end] pyruvate, [blank_start]1[blank_end] ATP, [blank_start]1[blank_end] NADH, [blank_start]1[blank_end] NADPH
Pentose Phosphate Pathway: [blank_start]1[blank_end] glucose -> [blank_start]2[blank_end] pyruvate, [blank_start]2[blank_end] ATP, [blank_start]2[blank_end] NADPH, [blank_start]2[blank_end] NADH (if it goes through to glycolysis)- A1
- B2
- C2
- D2
- E1
- F2
- G1
- H1
- I1
- J1
- K2
- L2
- M2
- N2
28The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex links sugar breakdown to TCA cycle or fermentation.
- AVerdadeiro
- BFalso
29Which are true about the TCA cycle?
- AONLY in organisms with ETC
- BConverts acetyl-CoA to CO2
- CMakes ATP directly
- DMakes 2 NADH and 1 FADH2
- EThe starting product is also the ending product
30The dehydrogenases in respiration transfer 2 [blank_start]electrons[blank_end] from [blank_start]reduced[blank_end] electron carrier to [blank_start]quinone[blank_end], forming [blank_start]oxidized[blank_end] electron carrier and [blank_start]quinol[blank_end].
- Areduced
- Bquinone
- Coxidized
- Dquinol
- Eelectrons
- Fprotons
31How many protons does NADH Dehydrogenase 1 pump?
- A0
- B2
- C4
- D8
32How many protons does NADH Dehydrogenase 2 pump?
- A0
- B2
- C4
- D8
33How many protons does succinate dehydrogenase pump?
- A0
- B2
- C4
- D8
34Terminal oxidases transfer 2 [blank_start]electrons[blank_end] from [blank_start]quinol[blank_end] to [blank_start]terminal[blank_end] electron acceptor, forming [blank_start]reduced[blank_end] electron acceptor and [blank_start]quinone[blank_end].
- Aelectrons
- Bquinol
- Cterminal
- Dreduced
- Equinone
35Which terminal oxidase is being described?
- Aerobic respirers
- Pumps 4 H+ from 2 quinols
- Pumps 4H+ from bond energy
- Makes 2 quinone and 2 H2O- ACytochrome bo quinol oxidase (cyt bo)
- BCytochrome bd quinol oxidase (cyt bd)
- CNitrate reductase
36Which terminal oxidase pumps 2 H+ per quinol?
- ACyt bo
- BCyt bd
- CNitrate reductase
- DAll of the above
37Which are true regarding nitrate reductase?
- AAerobic
- BAnaerobic
- CUses NO3- as terminal electron acceptor
- DUses O2 as terminal electron acceptor
- EPumps 2H+ from 1 quinol
- FPumps 4H+ from bond energy
- GUses succinate via FADH2
38How many different electron transport chains are possible?
- A6
- B36
- C9
- D3
39If an organism uses NDH1 and nitrate reductase, it is [blank_start]anaerobic[blank_end]. It will pump [blank_start]6[blank_end] protons. ([blank_start]4[blank_end] from NDH1 and [blank_start]2[blank_end] from nitrate reductase)
- Aanaerobic
- Baerobic
- Clithotrophic
- D6
- E2
- F4
- G8
- H4
- I2
- J0
- K2
- L0
- M4
40If an organism uses NDH1 and cyt bo, it is [blank_start]aerobic[blank_end]. It will pump [blank_start]16[blank_end] protons. ([blank_start]8[blank_end] from NDH1 and [blank_start]8[blank_end] from [blank_start]nitrate reductase[blank_end])
- Aaerobic
- Banaerobic
- Cfermenter
- D16
- E12
- F10
- G2 x 4
- H4
- I2
- J4 + 4
- K2 + 2
- L6
- Mcyt bo
- Ncyt bd
- Onitrate reductase
41An anaerobe using FADH2 will pump [blank_start]2[blank_end] protons. It will make [blank_start]0[blank_end] ATP.
- A2
- B0
42How many ATP are produced from 1 NADH?
- A1
- B2
- C3
- D6
43Why do organisms need fermentation?
To recycle [blank_start]reduced[blank_end] [blank_start]NADH[blank_end] into [blank_start]oxidized[blank_end] [blank_start]NAD+[blank_end]- Areduced
- BNADH
- Coxidized
- DNAD+
- EATP
- Felectron
44When do organisms ferment?
[blank_start]Aerobic and Anaerobic[blank_end]: when no [blank_start]inorganic[blank_end] [blank_start]terminal electron acceptor[blank_end] is available
[blank_start]Obligate fermenters[blank_end]: when they do not have [blank_start]an electron transport chain[blank_end]- AAerobic and Anaerobic
- BAerobic only
- CAnaerobic only
- DObligate fermenters
- Einorganic
- Forganic
- Gterminal electron acceptor
- Hreduced electron carrier
- Ioxidized electron carrier
- Jquinone
- Kquinol
- LObligate fermenters
- MAnaerobic only
- NAerobic only
- OAerobic and Anaerobic
- Pan electron transport chain
- Qa reduced electron carrier
- Ran organic terminal electron carrier
45How do they ferment?
Use [blank_start]organic[blank_end] [blank_start]terminal acceptor[blank_end], specifically [blank_start]pyruvate[blank_end].- Aorganic
- Binorganic
- Cterminal acceptor
- Delectron donor
- Epyruvate
- Fglucose
- Gacetyl coA
46Which enzymes do anaerobes use to convert pyruvate to acetyl coA?
- Apyruvate dehydrogenase
- Bpyruvate synthase
- Cpyruvate formase
47What are the products of heterofermentive metabolism?
- Alactate
- BAcetyl-CoA
- CPyruvate
- Dethanol
- ECO2
- FNADH
- GNAD+
48What are the products of homofermenatative metabolism?
- A2 lactate
- B2 NAD+
- Cethanol
- DCO2
49Which photosystem is used by green sulfur bacteria and green filamentous bacteria?
- Aphotosystem I
- Bphotosystem II
- COxygenic Z pathway
50Which photosystem is used by purple non-sulfur bacteria?
- APhotosystem I
- BPhotosystem II
- COxygenic Z
51Which photosystem is used by cyanobacteria and chloroplasts?
- APhotosystem I
- BPhotosystem II
- COxygenic Z
52The key enzyme of the Calvin cycle is [blank_start]Rubisco[blank_end]
- ARubisco
53Match the type of bacteria to its anabolic pathway.
Reverse TCA Cycle: [blank_start]green sulfur bacteria[blank_end] and [blank_start]sulfur-reducing archaea[blank_end]
Acetyl-CoA Pathway: [blank_start]Anaerobic soil bacteria[blank_end] and [blank_start]sulfate reducer bacteria[blank_end]; and [blank_start]methanogens[blank_end] (archaea)
3-Hydroxypropionate cycle: [blank_start]Filamentous green bacteria[blank_end] and some archaea ([blank_start]aerobic sulfur oxidizers[blank_end])- Agreen sulfur bacteria
- Bsulfur-reducing archaea
- CAnaerobic soil bacteria
- Dsulfate reducer bacteria
- Emethanogens
- FFilamentous green bacteria
- Gaerobic sulfur oxidizers
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- Autor
- Amanda A
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