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Injections routes: IM, IV and SQ

• Introduction:
• Overview of injection routes in nursing practice
• Importance of LPNs: proper administration, absorption, and patient safety.
• 
• Legenda: all drug administration routes in nursing practice

ORAL (PO/ BY MOUTH)

• Description: medication taken by mouth and swallowed.
• Absorption: slow, affected by digestion and first-pass metabolism in the liver.
• Common medications: tablets, capsules, liquids.
• Pros: convenient, non expensive (depends), non invasive
• Cons: slow onset, some medication destroyed by stomach acid.
• 
• Legenda: TYPE OF ORAL MEDICATIONS

SUBLINGUAL (SL)

• DESCRIPTION: MEDICATION PLACED UNDER THE TONGUE TO DISSOLVE.
• ABSORPTION: RAPID; DIRECTLY INTO BLOODSTREAM THROUGH ORAL MUCOSA.
• COMMON MEDICATIONS: NITROGLYCERIN, CERTAIN HEART MEDICATIONS.
• PROS: FAST ONSET, AVOIDS FIRST-PASS METABOLISM.
• CONS: LIMITED TO DRUGS THAT CAN BE ABSORBED ORALLY; SMALL DOSES ONLY.
• 
• Legenda: SUBLINGUAL MEDICATIONS

TOPICAL/ TRANSDERMAL

• DESCRIPTION: APPLIED TO SKIN OR MUCOUS MEMBRANES.
• ABSORPTION: LOCAL OR SYSTEMIC DEPENDING ON FORMULATION (CREAMS, OINTMENTS, PATCHES.)
• COMMON MEDICATIONS: CORTICOSTEROIDS, ANALGESIC CREAMS, NICOTINE PATCHES.)
• PROS: NON INVASIVE, SUSTAINED ABSORPTION (ESPECIALLY PATCHES).
• CONS: SLOW ABSORPTION, SKIN IRRITATION,