Flashcards
Unit 2.2
Flashcards do conjunto (26)
- 1Who was Leeuwenhoek?Leeuwenhoek was a famous microscope builder and was the first to discover unicellular organisms.
- 2What did Robert Brown discover?Robert Brown was behind the discovery of organelles, or more specifically the nucleus.
- 3Who invented the first electron microscope?Ernst Ruska
- 4What are cells?Cells are the small building blocks that make up all living things.
- 5What was the cell theory?1. All living things are made ofcells.
2. Cells reproduce by dividing in 2.
3. Cells are the basic building blocks of all living things.
- 6What are unicellular organisms?Unicellular organisms are organisms made up of only one cell.
- 7What are organelles?Organelles are even smaller particles (structures) within the cell that act like small organs.
- 8Name 5 organelles found in animal cells.1. Nucleus
2. Mitochondria
3. Lysosomes
4. Ribosomes
5. Endoplasmic Reticulum - 9What is mitochondria?The powerhouses of the cell that release energy from food.
- 10What is a nucleus?The nucleus is the main organelle which has control over all movements of the cell.
- 11What are ribosomes?Ribosomes are microscopic 'factories' that produce proteins used for the growth and repair of the cell.
- 12What are lysosomes?Lysosomes are the garbage disposal units that get rid of waste from the cell.
- 13What are endoplasmic reticulum?Endoplasmic reticulum form pathways that allow materials to move easily through the cell.
- 14What is a cell membrane?The cell membrane is the 'skin' that holds the cell together.
- 15What is a vacuole?A vacuole holds water and chemicals that are carried around the cell.
- 16What is a cytoplasm?The water and jelly-like mixture that makes up the cell and holds smaller organelles in it.
- 17What are chloroplasts?Chloroplasts are organelles holding chlorophyll used in the process of photosynthesis.
- 18What is a cell wall?The cell wall is the skeleton-like outside of a cell.
- 19Which organelles/parts of a cell are only found in plant cells and not animal cells?Chloroplasts and the cell wall.
- 20Describe the steps of photosynthesis.1. Plant takes in carbon dioxide
2. Uses sunlight, water, carbon dioxide and chlorophyll to make its food.
3. Produces oxygen and glucose. - 21In which way is a fungal cell similar to a animal cell?A fungal cell has a similar inner structure to an animal cell.
- 22In which way is a fungal cell similar to a plant cell?A fungal cell has a cell wall like a plant cell (however made of different chemicals).
- 23Name a unicellular fungal cell?Yeast
- 24How do cells reproduce?Cells reproduce through a process called mitosis where the cell divides into two identical cells.
- 25Who was the first to discover cells and how?Robert Hooke, when he looked through a microscope at a thin slice of cork and saw small bumps representing cells.
- 26Who invented the first microscope?Zacharias Janssen.